Word Formation on Social Media

The word is the smallest part in language that can be spoken or written which is the embodiment of thoughts used in language. There are several processes in the formation of words and are divided into several types in their formation). The research aims to analyze word-formation processes on social media. This research used a qualitative method that expanded the research by observing events and phenomena happening around us. This research also collects data by observing the incident that happens across social media in general. Analysis carried out based on materials related to semantic theory.  The results obtained from this research are that there are several examples of each word formation process, two examples for borrowing, two examples for coinage, two examples for compounding, two examples for acronyms, one example for blending, two examples for clipping, and no examples for back formation were found and conversion too, as well as two examples for inflection and two examples for derivation. 


NTRODUCTION
The word is the smallest part in language that can be spoken or written which is the embodiment of thoughts used in language. Groups or combinations of words will become phrases, clauses and sentences (Couper-Kuhlen & Selting, 2017;Linell, 2004;Van der Gucht et al., 2007). Each word has a different meaning, the meaning of the word can change according to its use in the sentence. States that words are an important element of linguistic knowledge and become part of our spiritual grammar. Linguists define a word as the smallest free form that occurs in a language. This means that the word can stand alone (Jackson & Amvela, 2007;Packard, 2000;Taub, 2001).
There are several processes in the formation of words and are divided into several types in their formation). The word formation process includes derivation, composition, flexion, internal change, complementation, doubling, criticism, transformation, pruning, merging, regression, acronym, onomatopoeia, and coined words included. It is also supported), which proposes word-forming processes such as coined words, borrowing, composition, mixing, pruning, regression, transformation, acronyms, derivations, and multiple processes (Nhàn, 1984;Praninskas, 2017;Rajimwale, 2006). The importance of word formation is due to the emphasis on the meaning of words and their formation (Adams, 2016;Bertram et al., 2000;Plag, 2018). It also describes the process of word formation, how words are structured, what words they derive from, and how they are constructed to be meaningful words. This study follows the coined theory proposed by (Bernoulli, 2011;Corbin & Strauss, 1990;Said & Pearlman, 1996). Because their theory is widely used in research by linguists and researchers, the explanation of the coining process in their books is easy to understand, complete, detailed and appropriate (Rasinger, 2013;Titscher & Jenner, 2000;Wodak, 2011). Used to analyze the phenomenon of new words. Therefore, it is very useful for this analysis.
Semantics is the study of meanings. It involves the relation between phrases or other symbols and items or principles to which they refer. The types of semantics are grammatical semantics, behaviorist semantics, descriptive semantics, lexical semantics, Logical semantics, generative semantics, historical semantics, and structural semantics. In addition, semantics is an attempt to explain facts, emotions, intentions, and knowledge for the language that conveyed imaginative products to others, with the aim of making it simpler for writers to select and use words with the right meaning in conveying facts to others. There are several word formation processes contained in a sentence, such as: borrowing, coinage, compounding, acronym, blending, clipping, back formation, conversion, inflection, and derivation. Derivation is the formation of words used to form new words, for instance: happiness and unhappy from the word 'happy' (Bauer, 1983;Halle, 1973;Shapiro et al., 1987). Social media is a platform for people to interact, create, share or exchange information and ideas on digital networks. Social media includes magazines, net boards, weblogs, social blogs, microblogs, pictures, movies, etc. In addition, there are many social media applications such as Instagram, Facebook, whatsApp, tweeter, etc. The application is used to interact between one or more people.

METHODS
The observation technique in this research is based on three randomly selected participants (West et al., 1998;Williams et al., 2011). In this research, the author, as a Fb and Ig user, observed the Facebook comments and stories of three participants and identified them to determine the process of their formation. Steps made on achieve the research objectives: collect 3 stories and feed updates for each 3 facebook and instagram users; analyze data using content analysis.

Finding and Discussion
In this chapter, the results of the analysis of research data from social media will be presented regarding the word formation process. The data for this research was obtained from social media platforms accessed by the author's own accounts such as Instagram and Facebook. Types of word formation process found on social media such as Facebook and Instagram.

Borrowing
The transfer of grammatical morphemes (inflection, derivation, and function words) from one language to another through language contact. The example of borrowing is presented in Table 1.

Words Description Khimar
This word is borrowed from the Arabic word. A khimar is a head covering or veil worn in public by Muslim women. Arabic words can be found in the @dindalbs_ stories on Instagram.

Mie Ramen
This word is borrowed from a Japanese word. Ramen means Japanese food. Sometimes called Ramen Noodles. Chicken Ramen means Ramen noodles served with chicken pieces. The word can be found on stories Facebook @_nrlizaa.

Coinage
Coinage are words that can be made without using other existing words or parts. The example of Coinage is presented in Table 2.
Weni Prasita / Word Formation on Social Media

Compounding
Compounding is the process of combining two words (free morphemes) to create a new word, in the category of noun, verb, or adjective form. The example of compounding is presented in Table 3.

Initialization and Acronym
Initialization is another subtraction process in which each letter in a word is pronounced. The example of initialization and acronym is presented in Table 4.

Blending
Blending means combining parts of two words from the beginning of another word and the end of another word. In this research, the writer found only one word which was classified as blending. The example of blending is presented in Table 5.

Clipping
Clipping is a language word that is shaped and processed again to make a new word by shortening or reducing the language word.

Back Formation
Is the technique of forming new words by removing real or estimated affixes from other words in the language. In this research, the writer did not find any words that were classified as backformation words.

Conversion
Conversion is a way that allows us to create more lexical items than existing ones. In this research, the author did not find words that were classified as conversion words.

Inflection
Inflection is a morphological technique that involves foaming words by adding inflectional affixes to words without changing the identity of the word and without changing the meaning of the word and is consistent. The example of inflection is presented in Table 7.

Derivation
Derivation is the process of coining words by adding affixes and changing part of speech and meaning. It falls into two categories: prefix derivation and suffix derivation. Formation by adding affixes and it changes the word class or meaning. It is divided into two categories, the prefixes derivation and suffixes derivation. The example of derivation is presented in Table 8.

Discussion
There are several processes in the formation of words and are divided into several types in their formation). The word formation process includes derivation, composition, flexion, internal change, complementation, doubling, criticism, transformation, pruning, merging, regression, acronym, onomatopoeia, and coined words included. It is also supported), which proposes word-forming processes such as coined words, borrowing, composition, mixing, pruning, regression, transformation, acronyms, derivations, and multiple processes (Nhàn, 1984;Praninskas, 2017;Rajimwale, 2006). The importance of word formation is due to the emphasis on the meaning of words and their formation (Adams, 2016;Bertram et al., 2000;Plag, 2018). It also describes the process of word formation, how words are structured, what words they derive from, and how they are constructed to be meaningful words. This study follows the coined theory proposed by (Bernoulli, 2011;Corbin & Strauss, 1990;Said & Pearlman, 1996). Because their theory is widely used in research by linguists and researchers, the explanation of the coining process in their books is easy to understand, complete, detailed and appropriate (Rasinger, 2013;Titscher & Jenner, 2000;Wodak, 2011). Used to analyze the phenomenon of new words. Therefore, it is very useful for this analysis.
Semantics is the study of meanings. It involves the relation between phrases or other symbols and items or principles to which they refer. The types of semantics are grammatical semantics, behaviorist semantics, descriptive semantics, lexical semantics, Logical semantics, generative semantics, historical semantics, and structural semantics. In addition, semantics is an attempt to explain facts, emotions, intentions, and knowledge for the language that conveyed imaginative products to others, with the aim of making it simpler for writers to select and use words with the right meaning in conveying facts to others. There are several word formation processes contained in a sentence, such as: borrowing, coinage, compounding, acronym, blending, clipping, back formation, conversion, inflection, and derivation. Derivation is the formation of words used to form new words, for instance: happiness and unhappy from the word 'happy' (Bauer, 1983;Halle, 1973;Shapiro et al., 1987). From the results obtained and the explanations listed, it can also be concluded that the nature of lexicon on social media can improve one's language skills, especially English, and more specifically on word-formation. Authors declare to readers to be able to better understand the material with other related articles. Because with the number of articles read, the reader can add deeper knowledge about this word-formation.