Indonesian Journal of Educational Research and Review

Trends in Character Education for Elementary, Middle and High School Students in Indonesia: Systematic Literature Review

Carsiwan — 2024-08-01

Character education is a multifaceted effort to develop moral and ethical individuals so that they can make a positive contribution to society. The study aims to analyze character education trends among students at the secondary, secondary, and high school levels in Indonesia. The study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to investigate character education trends in elementary, primary, and upper secondary school students in Indonesia (systematic literature review). The study is guided by the PRISMA protocol and uses the Covidence platform to facilitate the review process. The sourcing of data was done through the Google Scholar and Crosreef databases with the sources of articles in reputable international journals, using Harzing’s Publish or Perish application. Of the 1,200 articles found, 69 journals were selected to be reviewed through a systematic exclusion and inclusion process. The articles related to auxiliary technology selected in this study were analyzed using quantitative bibliometric studies to map the structure of knowledge. The results of the research show that the trend of character education in Indonesia is experiencing increasing attention and intensive efforts at every level of education. Each level applies a different approach according to the characteristics and needs of student development but still has the same goal, namely, forming a positive personality and good morals. Overall, the study provides a comprehensive overview of the efforts of the character education application in Indonesia, aimed at developing a young generation that not only achieves academically but also has good personalities and morality.

Institutional and Students’ Factors Influencing Adoption of E-Learning in Higher Educational Institutions in Kenya: A Case of Public Universities

Amos Otieno Wanjara — 2024-08-01

E-learning as a crucial aspect of ICT is a new model of education dispensation in the Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) across the world. However, this technologically enhanced educational model is still at the infancy stage in the developing countries, Kenya not exceptional. The purpose of the study was to assess the institutional and students’ factors influencing adoption of e-learning in Higher institutions of Learning in Kenya. The specific objectives were: to establish the impact of institutional e-learning policy (IEP) on its adoption in HEIs in Kenya, to establish the impact of lecturers’ perceived ease of use (PEU) of e-learning on its adoption in HEIs and to establish effect of students’ perceived usefulness (PU) of e-learning on its adoption in HEIs. The study was underpinned by Technology Acceptance Model. This study reviewed 69 relevant empirical literatures whose meta- analysis was guided. The study established that lecturers’ perceived ease of use of e-learning affects its adoption, that institutional e-learning policy has significant relationship with e-learning adoption and that students’ e-learning perceived usefulness has a great effect on its adoption in the university. The study findings have implications on close scrutiny of universities’ e-learning policies toward its implementation; on provision of e-pedagogical training to lecturers toward e-learning capacity building; implications on universities’ ICT Departments’ preparation of students for e-learning educational model. In a nutshell the study finding would inform the best organizational practices towards e-learning effectiveness.

The Influence of Peer Pressure on Career Aspirations Among In-School Adolescent in Kwara State

Abdulhafis Adeyinka Hassan — 2024-08-01

The significance of career decision-making among senior high school students cannot be overemphasized. Students at this level are adolescents who are moving from this stage of development into adulthood. The study investigated the influence of peer pressure on career aspirations among in-school adolescents in Kwara State, Nigeria. It has been observed that students usually imitate themselves in their way of life, especially during the transition from upper basic education to the senior secondary stage, which determines their choice of profession. A quantitative research approach was used, and a survey research design was adopted for the study. A self-designed questionnaire was used, and an internal consistency of 0.87 for the instrument was obtained. The collected data was analyzed using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation and a t-test to test the formulated hypotheses. Two research hypotheses were raised and tested at the 0.05 level of significance. Hypothesis one (r-cal =.204, P-value< 0.05) and hypothesis two (t-value = 3.159, P-value<0.05) were rejected. The results revealed that there is a significant relationship between peer pressure and career aspirations among in-school adolescents in Kwara State. Also, gender has a significant impact on career aspirations among in-school adolescents in Kwara State. It was recommended that educational institutions in Kwara State consider implementing peer support programs aimed at fostering positive peer influence. These programs can provide a platform for students to discuss their career aspirations, share experiences, and receive guidance from their peers.

The Influence of Education Personnel Competence on Student Satisfaction in Educational Services in Higher Education

Candra Pratiwi — 2024-08-01

The competence of educational personnel in educational institutions plays a crucial role in determining student satisfaction. This is because the competencies of educational personnel in educational institutions are not only related to knowledge and skills in the academic field, but also interpersonal abilities, communication skills, and a willingness to continue learning and developing. This research aims to analyze how much influence the competence of educational personnel has on student satisfaction. The method used is a quantitative method with a type of survey research. The study population consisted of 4,164 students, a sample size of 354 students was obtained. Research data were collected through the dissemination of questionnaires to respondents and then analyzed using SEM-PLS with the help of the SmartPLS application. The results showed that 71.5% of the competency elements of education personnel had a positive and significant influence on student satisfaction. One of the interesting findings of this study is that the personality competence indicator related to the item of consistency in speaking and conveying information obtained the lowest assessment score. This shows that there is a gap in the consistency of communication provided by educational personnel to students. Students may get different information depending on the day and the officer they meet, which can impact their learning experience. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that competency development patterns tailored to individual needs can be an effective strategy in improving certain aspects that influence student satisfaction.

Overcoming Self-Efficacy Challenges in Teachers and Prospective Teachers: Key Factors and Solutions

Ayu Windy Malisa Menno — 2024-08-01

Self-efficacy relates to teachers' belief in their ability to carry out successful instruction and influences teachers to carry out their roles in learning. This literature review aims to explore the factors that influence teachers' and prospective teachers' self-efficacy, explore the challenges faced, and present solutions that may assist in enhancing self-efficacy. The method used is a literature review which includes planning, conducting, and reporting stages. 31 articles were used in this literature review obtained by searching and collecting in Scopus, Google Scholar, and ERIC databases, and through screening and selection based on inclusion criteria. Based on the results of the literature review, the factors that influence and pose challenges to the self-efficacy of teachers and prospective teachers are factors of practice and mastery of competencies, factors of differences in environment, culture, and student needs, factors of school organizational conditions and learning environments, and factors of pressure experienced by teachers and prospective teachers. The solutions to the self-efficacy challenges found include the implementation of education, training, and development programs, a good and collaborative school organization and environment, induction and mentoring programs, and attention to teacher welfare, counseling, and stress management. Collaboration between the government, educational institutions, schools, and communities is needed to develop the self-efficacy of teachers and prospective teachers and enhance the quality of education through supportive policies, a comprehensive curriculum, and a conducive learning environment.

Inhibiting Factors of Dance Learning in the Higher Grades of Elementary School Students

Deasylina Da Ary — 2024-08-01

The dance learning process in elementary schools’ experiences imbalances with the demands of the applicable curriculum. In reality, dance learning has not been paid attention to by various parties so that students do not get the opportunity to develop creativity and imagination in dance movements. This research aims to analyze the factors inhibiting dance learning among high grade students in elementary schools in depth. This research includes descriptive qualitative research that uses a case study approach. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation. Data validity techniques include triangulation of sources and techniques. The data analysis technique used is the Miles and Huberman model. The results of this research indicate that the implementation of dance learning for high class students in elementary schools is still not optimal because there are inhibiting factors in various aspects, including the school, curriculum, school policies, facilities, infrastructure, class management, students, teachers, environment, and society's perception regarding dance learning, so that students' basic development becomes stagnant. The results of this research can be input for various parties to increase collaboration in order to improve the quality of learning in a more progressive direction than before.

The Impact of Using Audio-Visual Interactive Media in Learning Mathematics

Linda Mardiani Setiawati — 2024-08-01

In the process of learning mathematics, there are various problems, including student background, learning interest, motivation, and attitude. Based on this, this study aims to examine the effect of using audio-visual interactive media on understanding the concept of mathematics learning. The type of research used is Meta-analysis research. The research subjects are at the elementary, junior high, and high school levels. The data source is the results of previous research relevant to the research topic that meets the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. From Google Scholar, DOAJ, and Scopus indexers. The research flow are determining the research topic; developing and validating the review protocol; searching for literature; analysis; drawing conclusions; and the last stage of reporting the results. The search results found 47 eligible data with the number of students (N), F-count value, t-count value, and r-count value. The data were analyzed using JASP software by inputting the Effect Size (ES) and Standard Error (SE) values. The results of the analysis of the moderator variable test of audio-visual media-based learning for students with a P-regression value of -1.041 are greater than 0.298, meaning that the Ha Accepted hypothesis and the summary effect value are 70% with a high category. There are also the results of data analysis obtained from JASP software simulations showing a significant effect on mathematics learning media, one of which is based on Adobe Flash media at the high school level based on the results of the summary effect of 85% with a high category.

Child Protection Management in School: Case Study of School Dropouts in North Sulawesi, Indonesia

Ruth Sriana Umbase — 2024-08-01

The case of children dropping out of school has become a public concern. Schools are considered less concerned about children's rights. On the other hand, there are still some schools that think that the implementation of the Child Protection Law has increased the workload in schools. However, protecting children's rights in schools creates obligations for educators and education staff. Educators must fulfill children's rights through learning activities and handling children who have problems in the classroom. This research aims to analyze child protection management in schools. The research method used is a case study. The research results show that school child protection management cannot be realized optimally. Educators can carry out learning activities, but handling problematic children must be done more professionally. The school still needs an integrated child protection policy and management document. Child protection in schools is partial - it focuses on fulfilling children's rights to learn according to the Learning Plan. Therefore, the government, society, and the business world must work together to build child-friendly schools, train educators to have managerial skills in protecting children's rights, and handle problematic children to prevent children from dropping out of school and experiencing worse impacts.

Effectiveness of E-Learning-Based Learning in the Era of Digital Transformation: A Meta-Analysis

Herlin Setyawan — 2024-08-01

Amid digital transformation in the 21st century, the use of digital technology, such as e-learning, in the learning process has become urgent to develop vocational school students' knowledge and skills. However, some studies show that online learning is ineffective in improving vocational school students' knowledge and skills. Online learning cannot improve students' vocational skills because the online learning process cannot conduct actual practicum. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effectiveness of online learning to improve vocational students' knowledge and skills. The research method used was random effect model meta-analysis with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) article analysis technique. A total of 25 articles from the Scopus, Google Scholar, and Wiley databases were obtained and analyzed in this study. The articles analyzed were free from publication bias, as indicated by the funnel plot, Egger's, and Fail-safe N test results. Based on the meta-analysis results, it is known that the effect size value obtained is 0.703 (medium category). Thus, implementing online learning in vocational schools has a moderate impact on improving vocational students' knowledge and skills. The findings of this study indicate that the implementation of online learning in vocational schools can support the effectiveness of learning in vocational schools and encourage students to develop the knowledge and skills they will master. This research is expected to be the basis for teachers and vocational schools to integrate online learning into the learning process.

The Dichotomy of Thumbs-Up Emoji in Online Conversations

John Rey Osben Pelila — 2024-08-01

Emojis have standard meanings, but their interpretations are not universally agreed upon. This discrepancy becomes evident when determining the appropriate use of the thumbs-up emoji, considering its cultural sensitivity and contextual appropriateness. Therefore, this study aims to analyze both positive and negative interpretations of this emoji in online conversations and identify solutions to address potential misinterpretations. Employing a systematic literature review (SLR), the researcher screened 39 records, considering them for review based on inclusion-exclusion criteria such as having full-text articles published in peer-reviewed journals, written in English, and published between 2013 and 2023. After conducting a thematic analysis, it was revealed that the appropriateness of using the thumbs-up emoji varies depending on cultural and social backgrounds, influencing whether individuals find it acceptable for online conversations. Specifically, four positive interpretations of this emoji are that it is used for approval and acceptance, commendation and recognition, affirmation, encouragement, and a supportive gesture. Additionally, two negative interpretations were revealed: it can be seen as offensive and disrespectful in some cultures and inappropriate to use during a crisis. Despite this dichotomy of the thumbs-up emoji, some solutions emerged to address misunderstandings, such as restricting its usage in serious matters, combining the thumbs-up emoji with other elements, and sending a text message instead. Therefore, it is concluded that while some view this emoji positively, its interpretation differs based on cultural and social backgrounds. Thus, effective communication is not solely about one party adapting to another's preferences; it involves mutual adjustment for a seamless conversation flow.

Self-Reflection Journal in Action: A Case in English Syntax Class in Higher Education

Monika Widyastuti Surtikanti — 2024-08-01

Students' linguistics knowledge, especially on sentence structure, is urgently needed for English Pre-Service teachers as an essential skill. However, English pre-service teachers in a private university in West Kalimantan faced various challenges in learning it. The present study aims to analyze self-reflection journal realization and students' views in English Syntax courses in higher education. This study included 20 English Pre-Service teachers from semester 5 who were enrolled in two classes of the English Syntax course. It utilized a qualitative method and a case study approach. The purposive sampling method was employed to select representative and communicative participants. They wrote self-reflection journals on three topics in the English Syntax syllabus. The result showed that self-reflection journals were useful for the students in evaluating their progress on each topic. Self-reflection journals triggered the students' self-awareness and self-development, which benefited the teaching and learning process. According to the students, they were delighted to evaluate their process and find a new solution for their future learning strategy. Moreover, the present study might provide a new paradigm for the use of self-reflection journals in English Syntax courses other than Writing skills. Future research is recommended to develop the self-reflection journal instrument to gain a more authentic reflection entry.

A Scoping Literature Review about Impact of Lesson Study on Teacher Pedagogy: Effective Solutions in Learning Practices

Aryanti — 2024-08-01

Lesson Study has been recognized as an effective solution in teachers' pedagogical development, focusing on collaboration, reflection, and continuous improvement in teaching practices. Meanwhile, teacher pedagogy is a crucial element in the learning process that directly impacts student achievement or learning outcomes. Through a scoping literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) approach, this research aims to explores the impact of Lesson Study on teacher pedagogy, identifying its impacts, challenges faced, and opportunities that exist in the last decade for future research and educational practice. Article data were obtained from the Scopus (n=117) and ERIC (n=7) databases, then through a screening and eligibility process, 16 articles were selected for further analysis. This Scoping Literature Review focuses on the trends in Lesson Study research, factors influencing teacher pedagogy through Lesson Study, and its effects on student achievement. The literature results show that the United Kingdom is dominant in applying Lesson Study, high school-level implementation is prevalent, and mathematics is the main subject area. Furthermore, two main categories of factors influencing teacher pedagogy through Lesson Study were identified: Collaborative Strategies and Strategic Planning. Further findings reveal that Lesson Study not only enhances students' conceptual understanding and learning outcomes but also boosts their confidence and mathematical thinking abilities. The conclusion of this research affirms the critical role of Lesson Study in the professional development of teachers, promoting significant collaboration and strategic planning to improve the overall quality of education.

Canva-based Digital Storybooks to Improve Pancasila Education Learning Outcomes for Fifth Grade of Elementary School

Noviana Astuti Damarsari — 2024-08-01

Learning media is an important component in learning to stimulate students to learn and learning objectives can be achieved. This research aims to develop digital storybook learning media on Pancasila Education subject content that is good, effective, and quality, to support the improvement of student learning outcomes. This type of research falls into the category of research and development (R&D) by applying the Borg and Gall model. Respondents in this study were fifth grade students with a total of 20 students. Then this research involves media experts and material experts to provide validation of the developed media. The data collection process in this study was carried out through interviews, expert validation, response questionnaires, and pretest and post-test sheets. This research resulted in, among others: digital storybooks are very feasible to use and this can be seen from the assessment obtained from learning material content experts who obtained a percentage of 90.38% (very feasible) and learning media experts obtained a percentage of 90.38% (very feasible); from the results of digital storybook responses rated very practical; digital storybooks are proven to be effective based on the results of the N-gain test, where there is an increase in the average value of the post-test with the average value of the pretest. This shows that digital storybook learning media is very feasible to use and can improve the learning outcomes of fifth grade students on the content of Pancasila Education.

Type of Active Learning Implementation in Science Education: A Systematic Review

Maulida Ridani — 2024-08-01

Involving students in active learning is associated with positive learning outcomes. Despite the evidence supporting the positive learning outcomes of active learning, the adoption of active learning has been slow. Numerous education researchers have documented their application of active learning. However, there is no research yet that systematically analyzes these studies regarding the type of active learning implementation in science education. This systematic review analysis study was conducted to review the type of active learning implementation in science education. The main criteria for the selection of articles is the implementation of active learning in the field of science education with a period ranging from 2012 to 2022 from the well-known international database. There were 20 articles were obtained that fit into the criteria using the Active Learning keyword. The review was focused on the course, type of active learning, aims, method, samples, and data collection tools. The results show that the most studied course is interdisciplinary chemistry. Active learning types coded Not applicable, Others, Hybrid learning, Group work, Online-based learning, Hands-on Learning, and Inquiry. Articles aim to investigate active learning effects using quantitative methods. Undergraduate student samples enriched these studies, with data collected through surveys and descriptions. These findings can inspire science educators to adopt suitable active learning strategies, impacting students' achievements in science education.

Research Trends of Project-Based Learning Model in Chemistry Learning Through Bibliometric Analysis

Nanda Ayu Lestari — 2024-08-01

Chemistry learning has evolved into various interdisciplinary laboratory practicum activities. The Project-Based Learning (PjBL) Model is one of the innovative strategies that can improve students' high-level skills in mastering chemical concepts and applications broadly and deeply. This research aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of research developments, relevant topics, and future research opportunities related to the use of project-based learning models in chemistry learning applied in the last decade (2014-2024). The keywords used are project-based learning, chemistry learning, and chemistry education. The results of the search through the Scopus database obtained 365 articles published during 2014-2024, then 319 articles were selected based on predetermined criteria. The results showed that the frequency of research on project-based learning in chemistry began to increase significantly in 2018 and reached a peak in 2021. Chemistry topics that are mainly researched using the project-based learning model are organic chemistry, chemical analysis, green chemistry, and chemistry practicum. The potential research in the future are related to ICT-assisted with project-based learning model such as augmented reality in chemistry learning, the implementation of Project-Based Learning model in inorganic chemistry content, and the link between the PjBL model and curriculum development in the field of chemistry education. This study is expected to help researchers who will conduct and determine the main topics relevant to the domain of project-based learning in the context of chemistry learning.

Systematic Literature Review: How Important are Literacy and Numeracy for Students, and How to Improve it?

Ulya Ghifrani Rahmania — 2024-08-01

The 21st century has changed how people communicate, work, and learn, which ultimately requires skills to face global situations. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused students in Indonesia to experience learning loss, resulting in gaps in students' learning abilities that are not at the standard. Literacy and numeracy abilities are decreasing, while these abilities are included in the 21st-century skills that must be mastered to master all aspects. This study aims to analyze the importance of literacy and numeracy. The systematic literature review (SLR) method will be used. The systematic literature review (SLR) method will be used. The two stages of SLR, namely the planning and conducting stages, refer to the analysis of how the data will be analyzed. SLR will play a role in summarizing and analyzing findings and various insights regarding issues related to literacy and numeracy. The systematic review will consider several research opinions discussing the importance of literacy and numeracy. The research results show that literacy and numeracy are partners like one unit in building a concept of understanding that can help learning and impact careers in the future. The findings relate to factors that can be used for literacy and numeracy: the environment, educators' attention, learning strategies, technology, and teaching literacy and numeracy across the curriculum.

Hidden Curriculum as a Form of Cultivating Patriotism Values in State Civil Apparatus through College Hymns

Rustan Efendy — 2024-08-01

The hidden curriculum has proven to be a challenging concept to understand and define. This research aims to explore the hidden curriculum development model as a new form of instilling the value of patriotism in the state civil apparatus in Indonesia through the massification of college hymns. Data were obtained through indepth interviews, participatory observation, and document study. Data analysis techniques were carried out before going to the field, while in the field and after completing the research using the NVivo application by reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions. The data validity test is carried out by credibility test, transferability test, dependability test and confirmability test. For the purposes of analyzing college hymns, the researchers used Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotic analysis. The results showed that the hidden curriculum model can instill the value of patriotism in the state civil apparatus in the Indonesian context. The cultivation of the value of patriotism is carried out by activities outside the effective working hours of the state civil apparatus through major university events, such as graduation activities, dies natalis, academic meetings, charity days, and independence day ceremonies. These activities function effectively in instilling the value of patriotism in the Indonesian context. The results show that state civil apparatus who often participate in activities in which the college hymn is sung have a strong tendency to love the country.

YouTube as Alternatif Media Learning in Vocational Education: A Systematic Literature Review

Suhanto — 2024-08-01

YouTube serves as a valuable alternative learning platform in education that offers a variety of instructional videos to improve learning outcomes. YouTube positively influences student learning by increasing skills, competence, motivation, and level of engagement in learning. YouTube's diverse content, accessibility, and engaging format make it a rich and enjoyable learning resource, especially when integrated into an excellent pedagogical context. YouTube is also expected to become an alternative learning media in education, especially vocational education and training. Therefore, it is necessary to review journals that discuss YouTube as an alternative learning media for vocational education. The method used in this research is a systematic literature review of journal papers published from 2017-2024. Journal articles came from three database sources, namely Scopus, Google Scholar, and Crossref, with search results of 2,157 journal articles; then, four stages of systematic literature review were carried out, with the final result being 86 research articles from related journals. The findings of this research are as follows: First, YouTube is recognized as an effective medium for learning, providing the ability to adapt, personalize, and develop autonomy and critical thinking. Second, instructional videos mediate vocational skills and facilitate vocational learning, incredibly interactive services. Third, YouTube has proven to be a very effective learning medium for practical competencies, providing a more accessible and more precise understanding of concepts. These conclusions highlight the value and potential of YouTube as a digital resource for continuing education and vocational learning.

Students' Perspectives on Inclusive Education in Indonesia: Insights from a Systematic Literature Review

Thalia Ayu Rini — 2024-08-01

The implementation of inclusive education in Indonesia indicates a tendency toward favourable outcomes in providing better quality educational services for children with special needs. In order to enhance the efficacy and advancement of inclusive education in Indonesia, it is crucial to consider the perspectives of students towards inclusive education. Hence, this PRISMA-compliant literature review examines relevant studies on Indonesian students' perspectives on inclusive education. The chosen publication is a Scopus-indexed journal article or conference proceeding on empirical research. The Scopus and ERIC databases yielded five relevant studies. Findings showed that students with and without special needs have positive and negative perspectives. Positively, inclusive education students value teacher and peer support, a sense of belonging, friendship, and self-determination. Conversely, students' negative perspectives include academic challenges, social isolation, stigmatization, and bullying in inclusive schools. To fully understand student perspectives, the authors recommend further longitudinal or comparative research with a broader and more diverse population of students with special needs.

Elevating Performance: Spiritual Leadership and Mitigation of Counterproductive Work Behavior in Higher Education

Putu Gede Subhaktiyasa — 2024-08-01

The role of spiritual leadership in reducing deviant behavior contrary to higher education objectives is limited. This study aimed to examine the effect of spiritual leadership on counterproductive work behavior through the mechanism of spiritual well-being. The study was quantitative research of an exploratory predictive nature involving 310 lecturers of private higher education institutions determined through random sampling techniques. Data were obtained through a closed questionnaire distributed online and analyzed through PLS-SEM with a reflective model using SmartPLS. Findings demonstrated that spiritual leadership has a significant negative effect on counterproductive work behavior and a significant positive impact on spiritual well-being. In addition, spiritual well-being significantly negatively affected counterproductive work behavior. The study provides an understanding of the influential role of spiritual well-being in mediating the effect of spiritual leadership on counterproductive work behavior. The findings indicate that implementing spiritual leadership tends to improve spiritual well-being and reduce the deviant behavior of lecturers. The study contributes a comprehensive understanding of integrating spiritual aspects into higher education management to promote harmonious academic ethics and environment.