Character Education Values of The Main Character in The Suzanne Collins ’ “ The Hunger Games ( 2008 ) ”

Pendidikan karakter merupakan hal penting yang perlu diperhatikan oleh setiap guru di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu media untuk mengajarkan pendidikan karakter kepada siswa. Penelitian ini terutama membahas tentang nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang dimiliki oleh Katniss Everdeen, tokoh utama dalam novel berjudul “The Hunger Games” karya Suzanne Collins yang sejalan dengan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dari kementerian pendidikan dan kebudayaan. Penelitian ini dirancang dalam bentuk penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Dari penokohan Katniss, ia memiliki 24 karakter yang membangun dirinya sebagai tokoh utama dalam novel tersebut. Dari 24 karakter tersebut, 22 di antaranya merupakan sub nilai nilai pendidikan karakter Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (2017) yaitu Cinta Damai, Toleransi, Ikhlas, Tidak memaksakan kehendak sendiri, Cinta lingkungan, Unggul, Patriotisme, Taat hukum, Disiplin, Pekerja Keras, Ketangguhan Mental, Tegas, Kreatif, Berani, Kooperatif, Demokratis, Peduli, Sukarela, Jujur, Setia, Adil, dan Bertanggung Jawab. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dari kementerian pendidikan dan kebudayaan tercermin dalam karakterisasi Katniss. Hal ini membuat karakterisasi Katniss dapat digunakan sebagai media untuk mengajarkan nilai pendidikan karakter kepada siswa. Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Karakter, Novel, Penokohan, The Hunger Games (2008)


INTRODUCTION
Indonesia has concerned education curriculum for teaching character education to the students (Hulawa, 2019;Lase, 2019;Wulandari, 2020). Character education is a way to construct the character of students' moral consciousness through their psychological, social learning, and cognitive development framework (D. P. Putri, 2018;Rosala & Budiman, 2020). Character education can be conducted not only in school by the teacher, but also outside the school by themselves. Character education leads the students to be a person with a good attitude according

METHOD
This type of research is qualitative research. There were two instruments used in this study, namely observation sheet, and the researcher itself. Table of Characterization used as the instrument to collect the character that possessed by Katniss that can be found in the novel. The table helped the researcher to collect the data that gained during the close reading step. There three tables that exist in this research namely the table of Katniss' characterization, Sequence of segmentation, and table of data tabulation. Katniss characterization table contained the trait, the number of sequences, the description of the sequence and the character revelation technique. Sequence of segmentation contained the name of the sequence and the continuation of the sequences. In order to gain the data that required in this research, the researcher used several steps in collecting the data namely close reading, note taking, classification and analysis. In close reading, the researcher read the novel in order to understand the whole story and find out the characterization of Katniss during the story, which is also the data source of this research. In note taking step, the researcher took a note of the character of Katniss that reflected from her characterization in the novel. The researcher put the story of The Hunger Games in a form of sequence. After the whole characters of Katniss has been collected, the researcher classified which character of Katniss that reflected in the sub-values of 5 cores of character education values according to the Ministry of Education and Culture (2017). In analysis step, the researcher described the character education values which reflected in of each character of Katniss through the sequence of event. The data in this research was analyzed by using qualitative analysis from Miles & Huberman (Andrianingrum & Suparman, 2019). In this research there were four steps in analyzing the data namely data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing.

Result
In order to get the characters that possessed by Katniss, the researcher created a table of sequence in order to collect the event of the novel in a sequence order. The following is the sequence of segmentation in the novel "The Hunger Games". The Everdeen family: Katniss wake up from her sleep (1a), The description of her sister and mother curled each other (1b), The description of her ugly cat, Buttercup (1c), Katniss prepare her hunting equipment and went to the woods to hunt (1d), Katniss describe her hometown, District 12 which also called as the Seam one of the districts in Panem which mainly produce coal (1e). Katniss daily life as a hunter; Katniss describe her hunting ground in the wood where she needs to go beyond the electrified chain-link fence that located in the place called the meadow (2a), The description of Katniss' father who taught Katniss about hunting that was died in a mine explosion when she was a kid in order to feed her family (2b), The description of Katniss and the other district 12s to survive living by hunting illegally and also avoid talking about critics toward the capitol in order to avoid her family from any problem (2c), Katniss arrived at the woods and met her best friend, Gale (2d), Katniss and Gale hunt, talk, eat bread and berries together (2e), Gale ask Katniss to leave her family and the district and live with him in the woods to avoid the reaping day, but Katniss reject gale's invitation (2f). On the way home; Katniss and Gale visit the hob the black market in district 12 to sell their hunting result, Katniss met Greasy Sae, an old woman who sell soup and trade some of Katniss' greens for a couple chunks of paraffin. Katniss go to the back door of the mayor's house to sell half of the strawberries that they found in the forest. Katniss and Gale met Madge, mayor's daughter and also Katniss and Gale's schoolmate. Katniss explain the system of the reaping day, where at the age of 12, the name of every child will be entered as the candidate of the Hunger Games participant and the name will be multiplied by one by each year until the candidate reach the age of 18 as the exchange, the candidate will gain tesserae which worth for 1 year supply. The explanation of why Madge will not have any risk to be called during the reaping day because she is from a wealthy family which has no need of any tesserae. Katniss and Gale share their spoils and return to their house.
The Reaping Day; The preparation of Everdeen family before attending the reaping in the town square (4a). Katniss shows her worries if Prim selected as the tribute for The Hunger Games which also Prim's first reaping day (4b). Katniss describe the condition of the square where usually full with the visitor and the citizens now filled with gloomy atmosphere and surrounded by cameras and billboards (4c). The speech from Mayor Undersee about the history of Panem and Capitol which bring prosperity to the 13 district and the development of The Hunger Games as a warning for the districts (5d). Prim chosen as the female representation from district 12 in the 74 th Hunger p-ISSN: 2615-4684 e-ISSN: 2615-6938 Indonesian Values and Character Education Journal (IVCEJ) | 40 Games and called to the stage by Effie Trinket (6e). Katniss shocked and heroically volunteer herself as the substitute of her sister and become the tribute herself. The audience showed their respect toward Katniss' action by kissed their three middle fingers and holds it out to Katniss. Peeta Melark, the son of Baker chosen as the male representation in the 74 th Hunger Games (6h). The flashback when Katniss encounter Peeta in front of his shop during the icy rain because Katniss was struggling to find something to eat for her family because her dad was died in a mine explosion.

Discussion
In Sequence 17b, Katniss met Rue after she woke up from her sleep. Instead of attacking Katniss, Katniss heals Katniss wound that caused by the Tracker Jackers. Katniss didn't sense any evil purpose Rue's action and she decided to ask her to form an alliance with her. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' peace-loving character is to be a person that prioritized peace and negotiation before violence even in a worst condition. Even though Katniss and Rue came from different district and the existence of the rule where only one person may win the game, Katniss still invited Rue to build an alliance with her. This is in line with the finding from (Dalmeri; Atosohki Gea, 2015) which found that a positive attitude will create a peaceful condition in life. In sequence 10d, Katniss returned to her room and messed everything around her to unleash her anger. The Avox girl, Delly Cartwright came and cleaned the mess. Katniss also helped her to clean her own mess and apologized about her action. The character education value that can learned from Katniss' tolerance character is to be a person which never look down someone based on their position. Katniss showed her respect and responsibility toward the Avox girl that she met before where, as every person knows that avox position in the Capitol is the same as slave. Katniss helped the Avox girl clean up the mess she did. Even though Katniss position was higher as a tribute that the Avox need to serve. Tolerance communication come from understanding the emotional states of the communication partner (Feldman, 2015;Juwıta et al., 2018;Saputro, 2020).
In sequence 20c, after the capitol announce the new rule of 2 winners, Katniss suddenly thought about the possibility of Peeta's survival from Cato's sword attack. Katniss set her goal to track and find Peeta and asked him to join her win the game and return to the district together. The character education value from Katniss' sincerity character is to be an individual that think before act in any condition. Katniss was able to win the game because of her sincerity character. She was always thought about the consequences of the action that she took. By doing so, Katniss was able to become the winner of the Hunger Games along with Peeta. A character which shows what and how a person think or feel (Abu Bakar et al., 2018; Agnies zka Bates, 2019). In sequence 10j, Haymitch and the other suggested Katniss to participate in the plan to make Katniss and Peeta act like a lover to attract more sponsors which could help her and Peeta during the game later. Even though, she declined before, in the end she accepted Haymitch's proposal. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' not imposing own will is to be a person that think other person's feeling and condition than own feeling. Katniss think about the other opinion before she acted which reflected her character so well. She never forced someone to do something as she wanted to before ask the person's opinion before. Times is needed by considerate people to think about their action and the effect to the feeling of others (Koesoemadinata, 2018;Patterson & A.Niesa, 2018).
In sequence 13a, Katniss just managed to escape from the bloodbath. Katniss managed to escape to the woods and she showed her grateful because the woods arena which reminded her of her district. This gave Katniss a confidence in winning the game. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' environment loving character is to be a person that always grateful of what the nature has given to us. Just like Katniss that made the woods as the place to hunt in order to feed her family back in district 12. Katniss was grateful toward the existence of woods in the arena which gave her courage and confidence to survive in the game. understanding the environment reflect the theocentric perspective of environment loving (Richardson et al., 2016;Siwiendrayanti et al., 2019). In sequence 18k, Katniss managed to shot the bag of apples and triggered the explosion of the land mines even though she also got flew by the air blast which also damaged her ear. The character education that can be learned from Katniss' excellence character is to be a person that never arrogantly used own excellence. Just like Katniss that used her excellence in order to survive and win in the Hunger Games. In the end, Katniss was able to survive because of her excellence especially in archery and made her as the winner. Talented or gifted student is beneficial in having a good decision making ability (Fadillah, 2016;Salame & Nazir, 2019).
In sequence 27b, Katniss was on the way to return to her home. In her room, Katniss changed all of her equipment such as dress and accessories that she wore to her usual clothes back when she was a girl from district 12. Her action symbolized the identity of herself as the people of district 12The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' patriotist character is to be a person that never forget and respect own home land no matter what the condition is. During the game, Katniss was always thought to back to her district as a winner and in the end, she managed to achieve it. Even though she returned home as the victor of the game, Katniss didn't forget her identity as one of the citizens of district 12. In sequence 2c, Katniss explained the common rule of district 12 where it is forbidden to show any form of rebellion toward the capitol. She followed this rule in order to protect her family. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' obedient to law character is to be a person that obey the law that available in the society. By obeying the law that available, Katniss was able to maintain the peace of her district and her family due to the rules that set by the capitol. Propose that a good citizen act in a common good in the society (Khan et al., 2019;Suwana et al., 2013).
In sequence 1d Katniss begin her routine activity to go to the woods for hunting with Gale in order to feed her family. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' discipline character is to be a person that discipline and consistent in doing something that important to own self and the other. Just like Katniss who became the one who work hard to feed her family as the replacement of her father. Katniss did it every day in order to maintain the life of her family. Strengthening the discipline character will give a good impact to any person (Baehaqi, 2020). In sequence 12c, during the bloodbath, Katniss tried her best in order to get the bow which is her best weapon that suitable with her. On her way, she was attacked by a tribute which made her cannot claim the bow. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' hardworker character is to be a person that work wholeheartedly and with one's all might. Just like Katniss during the game, where she worked hard in order to win the game and return to her district. Her victory in the Hunger Games was the result of her hard work in surpassing the obstacle that she met. A hard working person is a person that work hard to achieve the goals in life (Brittle, 2020;Kazu & İş, 2018).
In sequence 14d, Katniss was following the advice that Haymitch tell to her to find a water source as soon as possible. She was almost giving up on her life because she couldn't find any kind of hint that led her to a water source. In the middle of despair, Katniss managed to find a pond right before she fainted. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' mental toughness character is to be a person that never give up even in a depressing condition. The novel showed many events that showed Katniss' struggle which leads her to despair and depression. Even so, Katniss still move on and passed through all of her despair until she managed to win the game along with Peeta. Mental toughness is a character which able to move on even in a worst condition (Mardhika & Dimyati, 2015;Tham et al., 2021). In sequence 19i, Rue was killed by one of the tributes. In her last words, Rue tell Katniss to win the game for her sake. Katniss accept Rue's final wish and determined to win the game. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' determined character is to be a person that strong willed in achieving a goal. Just like Katniss that determined to win the game and return to her family in district 12. Katniss met many obstacles and problems which prevented her to achieve her goals to win the game. Therefore, she managed to pass it all with her own power and managed to win the game.
In sequence 16f, Katniss was hiding from the career tributes that chased her which forced her to climb a tree. From afar, Katniss saw Rue was inside a bush and point her finger to a Tracker Jacker's nest above Katniss. Katniss planned to cut the branch and made the career tributes ran away chased by the Tracker Jackers. Katniss managed to cut the branch and made the career tributes ran away even though her hand got stung by the Tracker Jackers. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' creative character is to be a smart person that able to use a creative and unique way to solve any problem. Just like Katniss that used her creativity in order to live in her everyday life. She also used her creativity to survive from the other tributes during the Hunger Games. Her creativity made her able to solve any deadly condition and save her from disadvantages that she met. Creative person bring up something new for instance an idea to solve the problem that individual met (Ginting et al., 2019;Yuliati & Lestari, 2019). In sequence 16h, Katniss was struggling when she tried to take bow from a dead tribute because the corpse turned into a disgusting form. Katniss use all of her courage and pull the bow as soon as possible. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' courageous character is to be a courageous person that never give up until the end. Just like Katniss that held her fear and move forward with her courage when she met any dangerous situation. In order to survive in the Hunger Games, Katniss maintained her courageous character which enable her to escape from any deadly situation. In sequence 10j, Katniss and her team were discussing the lover act between Peeta and Katniss. The purpose of the lover scenario was to attract more sponsors that can help Katniss and Peeta later during the Hunger Games. Even though at the beginning Katniss declined the scenario, but after considered of the profit that she could get latter in the game, she decided to join the scenario. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' cooperative character is to be a person that work and act with the other to achieve a goal that been agreed. In order to achieve her goal which is to win the game and return to her district, Katniss did interaction and making an alliance with Rue. Katniss' cooperation with other people leads her as the winner of the Hunger Games with Peeta. Cooperative person understands the greatness of working together in achieving a same goal together (Diartini & Ratnawuri, 2017;Yati & Amini, 2020).
In sequence 18c, Katniss and Rue discussed about the way of communication between them in order to know each other's condition. Rue taught Katniss about the Mockingjay whistle signal which they could use. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' democratic character is to be a person that listen to other person's opinion and point of view and discuss it before taking the decision. During the story, Katniss was always listened to her friend's respond or opinion toward her ideas. This made Katniss able to know her friend's point of view toward her plan which could increase the plan's success rate even higher. This in line with the definition of democratic from ministry of education and culture (2010) where democratic is an attitude and a way of thinking that consider the others right and opinion. In sequence 20g, Katniss carried Peeta downstream to a safer place because of his wound. After Katniss cleaned Peeta's body from the dirt, Katniss decided to take Peeta to a safer place to treat his wound and also hide from the other tributes. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' caring character is to be person that concern and help anyone who are in problem. Just like Katniss who helped Peeta that was in a verge of death because of his wound that caused by the other tributes. Katniss did her best in order to heal Peeta even though it almost killed her. Katniss also thought of her family along the hunger games about their condition which reflected her caring character. Caring as an affection or interest toward someone (Chen et al., 2018;Winther-Lindqvist, 2020). In sequence 4i, Katniss volunteered herself as the tributes for the Hunger Games to protect her sister. After Prim's name called, Katniss showed her courage and volunteered herself as the replacement of her sister. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' voluntary character is to be a person that have a willing protect own dearest one even though it sacrifices own self. Just like Katniss that sacrificed herself in order to protect her sister, Prim. Even though Katniss knew that there will be a possibility of her death during the Hunger Games later, Katniss didn't even hesitate to volunteer herself as the replacement for Prim. Voluntary students didn't expect any return from their voluntary action (Van Woezik et al., 2019).
In Sequence 21j, Katniss was almost killed by Clove after she claimed the bag of medicine until Tresh smashed Clove's head and save Katniss. Instead of directly kill Katniss, Tresh asked Katniss about the truth of Rue's death. Katniss answered by telling Tresh about the actuall event where she accompanied Rue until the hovercraft carried Rue's little body. In the end, Tresh decided to let Katniss escape. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' honesty character is to be a person that always honest in every condition. Just like Katniss when she was saved by Tresh because of her honesty about her relationship with Rue which also a tribute from the same district as him. Katniss' honesty leads Katniss to a good condition where her live was spared by Tresh and let her to run away from the battle. Honesty unite knowledge, speech and action that make the students think, speak, and act according to what they witness (Pratama et al., 2021;Wiguna, 2017). In sequence 21b, the gamemaker begin a plan to make the tributes gather by inviting them to a feast. Katniss decided join the feast to get the medicine for Peeta's wound. After the gamemakers announced about the feast, Katniss decided to go to the cornucopia by herself. Even though Peeta didn't let her go by herself, Katniss insisted to go by herself and go by herself. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' loyal character is to be a loyal person that never broke the promise that has been made with someone. Just like Katniss' loyalty to her friend in the story. Even though own self's safety became the main priority in the Hunger Games, Katniss still thought the condition of her friend and never have any Indonesian Values and Character Education Journal (IVCEJ) | 44 thought to betray them. A loyal character show a strong determination on a relation with the other (Thoyyibah et al., 2019;Wiguna, 2017).
In sequence 17c, Rue healed Katniss' wound that was caused by the Tracker Jackers. In order to pay her debt, Katniss gives Rue some of her burn wound medicine to Rue's burn wound. The character education value that can be learned from Katniss' fair character is to be a person that always fair in any condition. Just like Katniss that shared her burn wound medicine to Rue that healed her before in order to make everything fair and equal. Even though Katniss and Rue were enemy in the Hunger Games, they were helping each other in order to solve their problem together with. A fair person able to imagine other person's feeling while taking decision (Grummich et al., 2017;Rosala & Budiman, 2020). In sequence 10d, Katniss messed up her room to unleash her anger until the Avox girl came and calmed her down. After Katniss messed up her room, the Avox girl came and wiped Katniss' tear with wet towel to calm her down. The Avox girl began to clean up Katniss' room and Katniss also decided to take responsible of her own mess that she did by helping out the Avox girlThe character education value that can be learned from Katniss' responsible character is to be a person that fulfill own duty as the main priority and take responsible of own mistake. Just like Katniss within the story where she took the responsible to be the head of her family's life. In the story, Katniss take responsible of her own mistake rather than let another person do it for her. A responsible person takes responsibility of the action that he commits (Agnies zka Bates, 2019; Nakayama et al., 2007). From this finding, the researcher has discovered that Katniss possess the 5 core values of character education and the sub values within that purposed by ministry of education and culture (2017). Religious with peace loving, tolerance, sincerity, not imposing own will, and environment loving. Nationalist with excellence,