Curriculum Management During the Covid-19 Emergency

The spread of the Covid-19 outbreak that hit the world has resulted in many countries closing teaching and learning activities both in schools and other educational institutions. The management of the curriculum which was running during the Covid-19 emergency is very interesting to examine, especially there is still little research that discusses curriculum management during special conditions. This research is expected to provide information on how emergency curriculum management works against the global pandemic. This study aims to analyze distance learning activities through curriculum management for the Covid-19 emergency period. The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach and the research subjects were the principal, teachers, and several students who were taken based on the appointment. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The findings from the study show that the curriculum management system during the Covid-19 emergency has been running as it should, curriculum planning involving local officials and school authorities, organizing by disseminating curriculum programs to all teachers, implementing online learning is constrained due to school conditions and limited technology owned by students and this is a factor that makes online learning not effectively implemented, and curriculum evaluation is based on input from the school and does not involve students and parents of students.


INTRODUCTION
The spread of the Covid 19 outbreak that hit the world has resulted in many countries closing teaching and learning activities both in schools and other educational institutions.UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization stated that there are at least 290.5 million students worldwide whose learning activities are disrupted due to the closure of schools (Chaturvedi et al., 2021;Purwanto et al., 2020).As an effort so that students can still participate in learning activities, many countries organize distance learning (Basilaia & Kvavadze, 2020;Goldschmidt, 2020).Indonesia, which was also affected by the Covid 19 pandemic, has also organized distance learning or learning from home.This policy is in accordance with the Circular of the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) No. 4 of 2020 concerning the implementation of education in the Covid-19 emergency period (Anugrahana, 2020), which is strengthened by Circular No.15 of 2020 concerning guidelines for organizing learning from home in the emergency period of the spread of Covid-19 (Agung & Surtikanti, 2020;Santika, 2020).The distance learning system (PJJ) can be done by learning in the internet network (online) such as using the zoom application, google class room (Napitupulu, 2020), outside the internet network (offline) such as teachers visiting students at home, learning using television media, or students send assignments physically directly to their teachers (Ambarita et al., 2020), or with a combination of both (Suhendro, 2020).The PJJ approach can be selected or adjusted to the characteristics of the lesson and the availability of teaching materials, as well as the readiness of school facilities and infrastructure and students (Ali et al., 2020).The implementation of distance learning presents several challenges and obstacles experienced by students and teachers, one of which is the reduced learning hours.Previously, learning activities could be done twice 45 minutes, when PJJ was only done once 45 minutes (Firmansyah & Kardina, 2020).This certainly has an impact in meeting the targets of the ongoing curriculum, because the implementation of PJJ that is running does not pursue curriculum completeness, but emphasizes literacy and numeracy competencies (Asmuni, 2020).
The government itself is aware of the obstacles and challenges faced by teachers and students, therefore the government has designed a special curriculum or emergency curriculum that can be used during the Covid 19 pandemic.The emergency curriculum itself is designed simply to facilitate long distance learning (PJJ) and ease the burden on teachers, people.parents / guardians and students during the pandemic (Sanjaya & Rastini., 2020).In addition to the emergence of an emergency curriculum, the Government also provides flexibility for educational units in choosing a curriculum that suits learning needs.Through the Decree of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 719/P/2020 concerning Guidelines for Implementing Curriculum in Education Units in Special Conditions, the Government has given freedom for the education unit to be able to use one of the three curricula, namely the National Curriculum, the emergency curriculum or carry out curriculum simplification independently which adapted to learning needs (Istaryatiningtias et al., 2021).
The freedom given in choosing the curriculum has a positive meaning for each school.This is because during the Covid 19 pandemic, each school faced different conditions and needs.The differences faced by each school allow for differences in choosing and planning curriculum, implementing learning activities and assessing learning outcomes (Daniel, 2020;Jusuf & Maaku, 2020).Likewise, SMAN 1 Baturetno Wonogiri which was based on the emergency condition of SMAN 1 Baturetno Wonogiri, which simplified the curriculum independently according to learning needs.The curriculum implemented by SMAN 1 Baturetno Wonogiri has implemented curriculum management which includes curriculum planning, curriculum organization, curriculum implementation, and curriculum evaluation (Fathurrochman, 2017).
The management of the curriculum at SMAN 1 Baturetno Wonogiri which was running during the Covid 19 emergency is very interesting to examine, especially there is still little research that discusses curriculum management during special conditions.This research is expected to provide information on how emergency curriculum management works against the global pandemic.This research is also a reference for further research related to learning management in the era of the global pandemic, can add insight and experience to the structure of learning management, especially those that occur during emergencies like today.Educators, education staff, and schools can increase their knowledge in order to develop teaching skills both online and non-online.Likewise, schools can arrange learning programs with appropriate methods to develop student potential.

METHODS
This research uses descriptive qualitative approach.There are two sources of data in this study, namely primary data and secondary data.Primary data is a source of data derived from interviews conducted with respondents, namely: 1) Principal as key informant, 2) Teachers as supporting informants I, 3) Students as supporting informants II, and 4) Parents committee as supporting informants III.Meanwhile, secondary data is documentation related to emergency curriculum management.The documents relevant to this research include: daily activity schedules, academic calendars, school profiles, data of all teachers and school education personnel, data on vision, mission and school goals, school organizational structure, and teacher administration (Yearly and Semester Programs, Syllabus and lesson plan), and teacher evaluation reports during PJJ in the form of supervision results and survey results for filling out a google forms questionnaire from students.This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with the data analysis model of Miles and Huberman (Milles & Huberman, 1992;Sugiyono, 2014), where activities in data analysis, both data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing are carried out interactively and continuously.as for the interactive model in data analysis as shown in Figure 1.(Milles & Huberman, 1992) Likewise, the validity of the data, namely the degree of trust (credibility), transferability (transferability), dependability (dependability) and the certainty of data and research results (confirmability) (Moleong, 2012).The explanation of management component in this study is presented in Table 1.

Results
According to the school's official website at http://sman1baturetno.sch.id/,currently SMAN 1 Baturetno has opened 33 classes, namely class X, XI, XII MIPA, each of which has 6 (six) classes and class X, XI, XII IPS there are 5 (five) classes each.With a total of 1,176 students from the 2019/2020 class.There are 1 (one) Principal, 72 (seventy-two) teachers, and 28 employees.The location of SMAN 1 Baturetno is in a mountainous area, and almost 25% of students' experience signal difficulties and a minimum quota, so the private school makes a policy that once-a-week students are required to go to school to collect assignments, this is done to make it easier for students to follow online learning (for those with signal difficulties) and control all students, so that cheating does not occur.As for the activities carried out by students through Distance Learning (PJJ), namely, learning material concepts, participating in discussion forums, compiling works that are relevant to the material, and following assessments designed by the teacher to determine student learning outcomes.Monitoring the success of PJJ is carried out in 2 (two) ways, namely: (1) The teacher monitors the activeness of students in PJJ (Distance Learning), ( 2) makes an assessment of the learning development of their students.Regarding, the assessment, PJ) at SMAN 1 Baturetno was conducted semi online.There are several assignment activities that are billed online and there are also products (works) of students that are submitted to schools directly by taking turns and still paying attention to health protocols.This is solely done to oversee the PJJ (Distance Learning) process so that it is right on target and running as it should.

Learning Planning for the Covid-19 Pandemic
Planning carried out by schools has intersected with the increasing outbreak of COVID-19 since March 2020, therefore the central government has mandated all schools in Indonesia, both public and private, to carry out learning at home.The Principal of SMAN 1 Baturetno held a closed meeting assisted by the Deputy Principal of the Curriculum section to realize the implementation of Distance Learning (PJJ) according to the direction of the Government so that it could be implemented at SMAN 1 Baturetno.The Deputy Principal of the Curriculum section creates a new teaching schedule for all teachers, which is usually 3-6 hours per week in each subject, now for online teaching schedules only 1 hour is given per week for all subjects, with Basic Competencies (The streamlined KD) also has the effect of changing all teaching materials that have been prepared by the teacher beforehand, to follow the latest directions from the school.

Organizing Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic
After a curriculum change had an impact on changes in the Teaching and Learning Activities (KBM) which initially studied face-to-face then changed to distance learning, then a SK (Certificate) was dropped from the Principal, then the Deputy Head of the Curriculum made a separate schedule regarding online learning, of course with basic competencies and shortened time.The program that has been designed is then socialized to teachers through webinars.In addition to conveying Distance Learning (PJJ) mechanisms / techniques, teachers are also trained to operate applications that allow them to be used as a medium for delivering Distance Learning (PJJ), such as Google Classroom, Quiziz, and Microsoft Teams.

Learning Implementation during the Covid-19 Pandemic
The implementation of PJJ at SMA Baturetno has problems, namely limited signal due to the location of the school which is in the middle of the mountains and is located in a remote area, so that the school, both the Principal, Deputy Principal of the Curriculum section, Subject Teachers, and other staff must be smart in respond to these natural conditions.In the end, SMAN 1 Baturetno decided to carry out semi-online learning.This step was taken because many students had difficulty learning in full online (zoom or google meetings).Teachers often find students unable to take part in online learning.Many factors influence it, including the cellphones used by students who are still one with their parents, so that students are not free to always update the assignments given by the teacher, then when students are able to buy personal cellphones, the location of their house is on the same mountain.completely out of reach of the signal.There are many things to strengthen the school that SMAN 1 Baturetno will not be able to undergo full online learning like schools in cities that are easy to get signals and sufficient quota.There is a lot of leeway and acknowledgment made by the school so that all students can participate in the learning as much as possible.In fact, it can be said that teachers who follow the wishes of students, if they cannot be collected at school, are allowed to collect them via personal WhatsApp, because there are some students who are still reluctant to leave the house and use public transportation.During PJJ, schools find it difficult to achieve effective learning.Likewise, student discipline has decreased, many rules have been violated because of the loss of teacher interaction in terms of character education.

Learning Evaluation during the Covid-19 Pandemic
According to the statement of the provincial office representative who handles supervision at SMAN 1 Baturetno, it is allowed to go to school once a week just to collect assignments, of course by still paying attention to health protocols, not in school uniform, and scheduling each class, so there is no clash, and of course no learning is held in the classroom.If there are schools that secretly learn in class with many students, even though they are not in uniform, the school will be sanctioned by the local office.With the enactment of the emergency curriculum, starting from learning planning, organizing learning, and implementing learning, there is a need for evaluation to find out whether the learning management system in this pandemic era is as expected.Therefore, on Tuesday, 27 October 2020, a 2020 Distance Learning Evaluation (PJJ) meeting was held at SMAN 1 Baturetno.In the meeting discussed 5 (five) main topics, namely Distance Learning Evaluation (PJJ), Principal Performance Assessment (PKKS), Supervision, Learning Implementation Plan during Distance Learning (RPP PJJ), and Teacher Performance Assessment (PKG) leading to List of Proposed Credit Figures (DUPAK).In addition to the PJJ evaluation survey data above, the principal also conducts teacher supervision.

Discussion
Based on the results of the research that has been done, SMAN 1 Baturetno is well prepared for the emergency situation of COVID-19.The freedom in choosing the curriculum has been put to good use by the school management of SMAN 1 Baturetno, namely by selecting and developing learning materials that are specialized in the pandemic period by considering the development of science and technology possessed by students (Nasbi, 2017).The freedom of SMAN 1 Baturetno in choosing the curriculum is in line with opinion that the 2013 Curriculum was not formulated to deal with a pandemic (Wahyono et al., 2020), therefore it requires a flexible curriculum and flexibility for schools and teachers in choosing learning materials.Of course, the freedom of material selection is carried out without reducing the quality of learning so that educational activities can continue (Daniel, 2020).Freedom in choosing a curriculum needs to be balanced with a good curriculum management system and support from the authorities, students and parents of students so that the implementation of the curriculum during the Covid 19 emergency can be directed and in accordance with the objectives to be achieved (Nóvoa & Alvim, 2020;Rasmitadila et al., 2020;Utami et al., 2019).
The curriculum management system in emergency situations that is run by SMAN 1 Baturetno itself has been running well, starting with the curriculum planning stage by involving local education officials and school officials such as the Deputy Principal of the Curriculum Sector.The involvement of the parties referred to in curriculum planning is very important, this is related to determining the objectives of who will receive the program, learning time, learning materials and methods adapted to the conditions of the community during the pandemic (Kıhc, 2015;Saajidah, 2018;Taha et al., 2020).At the stage of organizing the curriculum, SMAN 1 Baturetno socialized the emergency condition curriculum to all teachers.In addition to conveying material changes and the duration of learning time, the school also conveyed the Distance Learning mechanism to be used.Organizing the emergency curriculum for all teachers is very important, because organizing the curriculum plays an important role in achieving learning goals effectively and efficiently (Sesanti et al., 2020).With the organization, it is hoped that the teacher can understand and carry out their duties and responsibilities properly so that the objectives of the emergency curriculum can be achieved.
At the stage of implementing the emergency curriculum, SMAN 1 Baturetno has realized that the online PJJ method cannot be fulfilled in full.Limited communication signals due to the location of the school being in remote areas and in the mountains and the limited equipment owned by students are obstacles to the full implementation of online PJJ.As with previous studies, the limitations of signals and devices have resulted in students being late in learning, late submitting assignments, and decreased student discipline by being absent from learning activities (Putri et al., 2020;Setyorini., 2020).Overcoming existing problems, the teacher is forced to come to the student's house not to provide offline learning, but more to find out the student's condition.This shows that in planning the curriculum for emergency conditions at SMAN 1 Baturetno, it does not consider the use of an offline system in the implementation of PJJ.In fact, one way to overcome the obstacles of online PJJ is to use PJJ offline (Ambarita et al., 2020).The results show that the implementation of offline PJJ can be done by the teacher visiting or creating study groups of students who have online PJJ problems, then explaining the learning material and giving assignments with modules that have been prepared from the school (Manuputy & Lakoruhut, 2020;Mokodompit, 2020).Of course, offline PJJ activities can be carried out by following government regulations and health protocols to prevent the spread of Covid-19 (Munajim et al., 2020).
The last stage of curriculum management is evaluating.Curriculum management evaluation aims to improve curriculum subsidence, curriculum implementation procedures, instructional methods, and their effects on student learning and behavior (Adnan, 2017).Moreover, during the Covid 19 pandemic, freedom in choosing and compiling curriculum materials required the role of educators to evaluate whether the implementation of PJJ was running effectively and in accordance with student learning needs (Herliandry et al., 2020).As with the curriculum evaluation conducted by SMAN 1 Baturetno, school educators evaluate the implementation of Distance Learning (PJJ), Learning Implementation Plans during Distance Learning (RPP PJJ), and the development of student behavior while participating in PJJ.During the evaluation, SMAN Negeri 1 Baturetno did not involve students.Even though evaluations that come from student feedback are very important as input and an instrument for improvement in curriculum implementation (Sudrajat et al., 2020).

CONCLUSION
Based on the description that has been conveyed, it can be concluded that during the Covid 19 emergency, the learning process can still be carried out by many educational institutions.With government support, educational institutions and students can carry out distance learning activities both with an online, offline approach and by combining online and offline.In addition, the freedom given by the government in choosing a curriculum helps many educational institutions and students in selecting and determining curriculum materials in accordance with the development of science and technology that is owned by society.Even in the emergency period of Covid 19, the implementation of the curriculum can run according to its objectives if it is supported by a good curriculum management system.As for the suggestions that can be given, the need for SMAN 1 Baturetno to implement Distance Learning with an offline approach.Besides being able to help students with problems in online PJJ, offline PJJ can help students to better understand learning materials obtained from learning practices carried out together.In addition, schools need to communicate with students and parents to ask for feedback on the implementation of the curriculum, this needs to be done because complaints and obstacles experienced by students and parents can be very positive input to improve and improve the quality of learning.

Table 1 .
Design of Research of Learning Management