Dilema Moral Teknik “Three-Parents-Baby” pada Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jfi.v6i2.53689Keywords:
Deontologi, Mitochondrial replacement therapy, Teleologi, Value-bond, Value-freeAbstract
Penyakit mitokondria merupakan salah satu penyakit maternal yang belum dapat disembuhkan. Salah satu cara untuk menurunkan angka penyakit mitokondria yaitu melalui terapi pengganti mitokondria (Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy). Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas teknik Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy (MRT) dari aspek moral melalui kajian teoritis dari berbagai referensi yang sesuai. Menghindari terjadinya dehumanisasi terhadap penerapan teknik MRT, maka teknik MRT terikat oleh nilai (value-bound) yang diatur melalui berbagai kebijakan pemerintah. Selanjutnya, teknik MRT dapat dipandang dari paham deontologi dan paham teleologi. Paham deontologi dalam teknik MRT memberikan rekomendasi cara yang baik dalam melaksanakan MRT melalui aturan kebijakan pemerintah. Di sisi lain, paham teleologi mengarahkan teknik MRT hanya boleh diberikan kepada pasien dengan tujuan untuk mencegah penularan penyakit mitokondria yang parah. Kedepannya dapat dilakukan pengkajian perkembangan teknik MRT dari waktu ke waktu ditinjau dari perkembangan gagasan ilmiah. Perkembangan gagasan ilmiah yang diangkat mulai dari perkembangan rekayasa genetika, munculnya fertilisasi in-vitro sampai kepada pengembangan teknik fertilisasi in-vitro.
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