Persoalan Privasi dan Degradasi Martabat Manusia dalam Pengawasan Berbasis Kecerdasan Buatan (AI)
Privacy Issues and Degradation of Human Dignity in Artificial Intelligence (AI) Based Surveillance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jfi.v7i2.68070Keywords:
artificial intelligence, ethical perspective, human dignity, informed consent, privacyAbstract
The digital era is like two sides of a coin that have two different impacts: positive and negative. One of the negative impacts is the violation of privacy, especially in the application of artificial intelligence technology. Artificial intelligence technology requires data as its fuel. The need for data is pivotal because artificial intelligence algorithms operate based on [collected] data. As a result, the demand for data has had an impact on humans, where individual information is collected for unrevealed purposes. Often, interested parties argued for security and order reasons. Some gave no reasons because people usually do not object to the data they submit. Why is the issue of privacy essential and urgent to study in the context of AI surveillance? Through qualitative methods with literature analysis techniques in Kantian philosophical perspectives, the author concludes that privacy is quintessential for human dignity. Hence, violating privacy through AI surveillance is a case of humanity because it degrades human dignity.
References
Akkermans, H., et.al. (2022). Return to Freedom: Governance of Fair Innovation Ecosystem. In Werthner, Hannes, et al. (eds) Perspectives on Digital Humanism. Cham: Springer.
Andersen, R. (2020). The Panopticon is Alredy Here. The Atlantic Daily (September). https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2020/09/china-ai-surveillance/614197/
Beyleveld, D. and Roger Brownsword, R. (2007). Consent in the Law. Oxford: Hart Publishing, 2007.
BMJ. (1996). “The Nuremberg Code” British Medical Journal, No 7070 Volume 313, December: Page 1448, https://media.tghn.org/medialibrary/2011/04/BMJ_No_7070_Volume_313_The_Nuremberg_Code.pdf (access 11.09.2023).
Bon, A., et.al. (2022). Decolonizing Technology and Society: A Perspective from the Global South. In Werthner, Hannes, et al. (eds) Perspectives on Digital Humanism. Cham: Springer.
Boulanin, V. (2019). Artificial intelligence: A primer”. In The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Strategic Stability and Nuclear Risk. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.
Byler, D. (2021). In the Camps. China’s High-Tech Penal Colony. New York: Columbia Global Reports.
Cath, Corinne, et.al. (2018). Artificial Intelligence and the ‘Good Society’: the US, EU, and UK approach. Science and Engineering Ethics, 24: pp. 505–528. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-017-9901-7
Council of the European Union [CEU]. (2016). General Data Protection Regulation. Intersoft Consulting, Privacy Europe – International Network. https://gdpr-info.eu/
Feldstein, S. (2019). The Global Expansion of AI Surveillance. Massachusetts: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Floridi, L. (2016). On Human Dignity as a Foundation for the Right to Privacy. Philos. Technol. 29, 307–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-016-0220-8.
Fraenkel, J., R. dan Wallen, N. (2022). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Gan, N. (2020) China is Installing Surveillance Cameras Outside People’s Front Doors and Sometimes Inside Their Homes. CNN Business (April). https://edition.cnn.com/2020/04/27/asia/cctv-cameras-china-hnk-intl/index.html.
Girasa, R. (2020). Artificial Intelligence as a Disruptive Technology. Palgrave Macmillan.
Kant, I. (1991). The Metaphysics of Morals. Translated by Mary Gregor. Cambridge University Press.
Kateb, G. (2006). Patriotism and Other Mistakes. Yale University Press.
Kateb, G. (2011). Human Dignity. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Königs, Peter. (2022). Government Surveillance, Privacy, and Legitimacy. Philosophy & Technology 35 (8). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-022-00503-9
Kusmaryanto, C.B. (2016). Bioetika. Mendiskusikan Pertanyaan Dasar Tentang Hidup Manusia Yang Menyangkut Berbagai Disiplin Ilmu. Penerbit Buku Kompas.
Leong, B. (2019). Facial Recognition and the Future of Privacy: I Always Feel Like Somebody’s Watching Me. BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIENTISTS, VOL. 75, NO. 3, pp. 109–115. https://doi.org/10.1080/00963402.2019.1604886.
Matthias, A. (2020). Dignity and Dissent in Humans and Nonhumans. Science and Engineering Ethics 26: pp. 2497–2510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-020-00245-x.
Nida-Rümelin, J., & Weidenfeld, N. (2022). Digital Humanism. For Humane Transformation of Democracy, Economy and Culture in the Digital Age. Cham: Springer.
Pabubung, M. R. (2021a). Epistemologi Kecerdasan Buatan (AI) dan Pentingnya Ilmu Etika dalam Pendidikan Interdisipliner. Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia, 4(2), 152-159.
Pabubung, M. R. (2021b). Transparansi: Instrumen Menghadapi Korupsi Pengadaan Dana Desa. Jurnal PolGov, 3(2), 53-94.
Pabubung, M. R. (2021c). Human Dignity Menurut Yohanes Paulus II dan Relevansi terhadap Kecerdasan Buatan (AI). Jurnal Teologi, 10(1), 49-70.
Pabubung, M. R. (2023a). Era Kecerdasan Buatan dan Dampak terhadap Martabat Manusia dalam Kajian Etis. Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia, 6(1), 66-74.
Pabubung, M. R. (2023b). An Inquiry Into Human Dignity According to George Kateb. Jurnal Filsafat, 33(2), 290-332.
Richterich, Annika. (2018). The Big Data Agenda. Data Ethics and Critical Data Studies, London: University of Westminster Press.
Roberts, H., Cowls, J., Morley, J. et al. (2021). The Chinese Approach to Artificial Intelligence: An Analysis of Policy, Ethics, and Regulation. AI & Soc 36, 59–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-020-00992-2.
Ryan, M. (2020). In AI We Trust: Ethics, Artificial Intelligence, and Reliability. Science and Engineering Ethics, 26:2749–2767. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-020-00228-y.
Shen, O. (2020). AI Dreams and Authoritarian Nightmares. In Jane Golley, Linda Jaivin, Ben Hillman, Sharon Strange (eds.). China Dreams. ANU Press. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv12 sdxmk.17 (access 01.10.2020).
Sugiyono, S. (2020). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Penerbit Alfabeta.
Stanger, A. (2022). The Real Cost of Surveillance Capitalism: Digital Humanism in the United States and Europe. In Werthner, Hannes, et al. (eds) Perspectives on Digital Humanism. Springer.
Tilman, T., Albrechtslund, A. (2018). Surveillance, Self, and Smartphones: Tracking Practices in the Nightlife. Sci Eng Ethics 24, 853–870. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-015-9691-8.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia Undiksha is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.