Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia

Konsep Merdeka Belajar Ditinjau dari Filsafat Pendidikan Paulo Freire

Norberto G. Cardoso1, Ni Made Prema Wahini2, La Ilham Toha — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Good Education is the goals and aspiration of an independent nation. The role of aducation is one of indicators of the assessment of an advanced nation in producing superior human resources. This research is a philosophical research that discusses the concept of Merdeka Belajar from the perspective of Paulo Freire's philosophy of education. The concept of Merdeka Belajar has become a paradigm in the world of education that emphasizes the independence and freedom of learning of each individual. The concept of Merdeka Belajar has become a hot conversation in the world of education in Indonesia because it makes a new breakthrough in the world of education. The concept of Merdeka Belajar is allegedly a solution to the problem of education in Indonesia. In Indonesia, the learning system still uses a memorization system and bank style. Freire's Philosophy of Education highlights several major problems in the world of education, namely education with the banking system, curriculum design that is still rigid and unsustainable, lack of infrastructure, and teaching methods that are still passive. The learning model makes students not free to be creative in the teaching and learning process. This research is a study that uses qualitative-descriptive research methods, with the data collection technique being a literature study. This research proposes the integration of Merdeka Belajar concept and Freire's liberation education principles, which provide a strong philosophical foundation for the development of an inclusive and liberating education system for each individual. The results of this study are: (1) the importance of increasing students' active participation in learning; (2) Updating the curriculum and education system to be flexible, modern, and essential. (3) the importance of building criticism, dialog, self-reflection, and developing sensitivity to social reality.

Hypatia of Alexandria: Feminisme dan Peran Simbolis Perempuan dalam Mengembangkan Ilmu Pengetahuan

Fitria — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The Hypatia of Alexandria was an expert in philosophy, mathematics, and astronomy during the ancient Roman civilization. Her figure epitomizes an intelligent, resilient, and brilliant woman. The increasing dominance of religious influence during Hypatia's era strengthened, gradually sidelining the scientific knowledge she initially disseminated. Hypatia's role in building civilization through the advancement of knowledge eventually came to a halt when she was deliberately murdered by a highly fanatic group adhering to Church teachings and the Christian religion. Hypatia's life in the ancient Roman civilization portrays the conflict between science and the interests of certain parties. Regardless of the significant influence of women in developing scientific knowledge, if the truth embraced by others is fanatical and disregards existing facts, knowledge becomes futile. This article discuses Hypatia's journey and role in building civilization in ancient Roman times through the development of scientific knowledge while examining Hypatia's character from a feminist perspective. The research methodology employed is a literature review. The researcher conducted a search for relevant journal articles through Scopus and Google Scholar. Keywords entered into the search engine include "Hypatia of Alexandria"; Hypatia AND Philosophy; Hypatia AND Feminism; Hypatia AND Knowledge. Hypatia played a significant role in building the civilization of knowledge in ancient Roman times, proving that the role of women in building civilization through the development of scientific knowledge is a notable

Konsep Pendidikan Berbasis Masalah Paulo Freire dan Relevansinya dalam Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila

Kosmas Sobon, Tri Astari — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to analyse Paulo Freire's philosophy of education, especially the philosophy of problem-oriented education, and its relevance to the project of strengthening the student profile of Pancasila. This research seeks to find the meaning contained in Freire's philosophy of education through an in-depth interpretation of the implementation of an independent curriculum in Indonesia. The method used is library research with a hermeneutic approach. The results show that Freire's problem-based educational philosophy emerged as a response to bank-style education in Brazil. According to him, bank-style education is narrative, passive, oppresses society and has an impact on the culture of silence. Problem-based education focuses on teaching students to see the problems around them and to analyse them in order to find solutions. Freire's philosophy of problem-based education provides relevance for the implementation components of the Pancasila Learner Profile Strengthening Project, namely: the project must be problem-based, learner-centred, contextual, dialogical and exploratory.

Makna Ritus “Teing Tinu” Masyarakat Manggarai dan Praktik Xiao (孝) dalam Pemikiran Confucius

Yulianus Evantus Hamat, Agustinus Lie — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The main focus of this paper is to explore the philosophical values embedded in the "teing tinu" ritual of the Manggarai community, elaborated through the practice of Xiao (孝) in Confucian teachings. The teing tinu ritual signifies the responsibility of children towards their elderly parents. Additionally, this ritual serves as an expression of filial devotion, respect, and gratitude of children towards their parents for all the kindness and services rendered throughout their lives. It stands as a local wisdom that needs to be understood and acknowledged by the younger generation. Unfortunately, this expectation seems to be fading due to the younger generation's lack of attention to the teing tinu ritual, influenced by the rapid advancement of technology. The pragmatic and indifferent attitude of the younger generation in Manggarai has led to the erosion of the meaning and values inherent in the teing tinu ritual. Conversely, the prevalence of a culture of violence, rudeness, quick-triggered emotions, and social anarchy is beginning to permeate the lives of the younger generation in Manggarai. Amidst the challenges of life and the unstoppable flow of time, the author feels compelled to delve into and attempt to extract the meaning and values within Manggarai culture, particularly the teing tinu culture, as an effort to rekindle the adherence of the younger Manggarai generation to the prevailing norms of respect and courtesy. The author employs a literature review method and critical readings of Manggarai culture and Confucius' works, specifically focusing on the practice of Xiao in his writings. This research finds that various values in the teing tinu ritual are closely related to the values in the Xiao practice of Confucian teachings.

Max Scheler's Value Philosophy Nilai dalam Pandangan Perempuan Batak tentang Perniagaan di Pasar Sambu Medan ditinjau dari Perspektif Max Scheller

Nindya Vera Putri, Suryo Adi Sahfutra — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This paper discusses the meaning of trading for women in the Batak tribe, who make up the majority of traders in the Sambu Medan market area. This study aims to explore why women in the Batak tribe are the most traders in the Sambu Medan market area, isn't it basically the men who have the most role in fulfilling the family's economy? What reason makes them so happy to be a Merchant in the market? These answers will then be examined using the viewpoint expressed by Max Scheler Philosophy of Values. Qualitative research methodology is imployed using primary and secondary data sources. The stages of value contained according to Max Scheler, the following are : first, the worth of pleasure is drawn from their happiness when their wares are selling well so that they get big profits to be used for the smooth running of their family's their children’s education and the economy. Second, the value of life, trading is a necessity of life not only for them personally but also for family life, and there is a very noble purpose of life for survival which is not only for now but for the life to coe, Third, Spiritual/psychological value, Trading is a spiritual need for Batak women whmo are in the Sambu market so they consider trading as an alternative to relieve boredom, peace of mind, happiness and relieve stress in their minds. Fourth, their spiritual values believe that every human being who tries and prays to hope for sustenance from God will get blessings from God.

Analisis Universalitas Penggunaan Kata “anu” dalam Perspektif Filsafat Bahasa

Rilliandi Arindra Putawa — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article is a study in the field of philosophy that seeks to trace the meaning and usage of the word "anu" from the perspectives of the three main branches of philosophy, namely metaphysics, epistemology, and axiology. The researcher employs a literature review method by examining various previous studies on the usage of the word "anu" in society and also the theories of the three main branches of philosophy. The material object, which in this case is the word "anu," is then examined from the perspectives of the three main branches of philosophy. Based on the conducted research, it is known that the word "anu" does not meet the requirements as the most universal concept, as does the word "ada." The set of words "anu" is highly limited by the level of knowledge of the users and also the norms of politeness. On one hand, this word is in line with what Wittgenstein conveyed in the theory of language games, but on the other hand, in terms of universality, the existence of the word "anu" is questioned by two metaphysical streams, namely realism and nominalism, both of which agree not to accommodate the word "anu." The word "anu" cannot be a universal predicate inherent in objects and also contradicts the particular principle of nominalism.

Arti Baik Menurut George Edward Moore: Usaha Pemerintah Indonesia Mendukung Perdamaian Rusia-Ukraina

Empi Siloka Astageni — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The focus of this article is to show the Indonesian government's efforts to support peace between Russia and Ukraine which are currently in conflict. The war between Russia and Ukraine had a serious impact on the lives of the global community. The efforts made by the Indonesian government contain good values in the diplomatic realm. These peace efforts are based on humanitarian grounds. The conflict between Russia and Ukraine has caused many casualties and damage here and there. The author wants to link the Indonesian government's support for peace with the concept of "good" according to George Edward Moore. "Good" itself was formulated by Moore as an abstract thing. Careful observation is needed to understand the meaning of "good". The "good" proposed by Moore in turn boils down to the actions produced by a person. Implicitly, "good" here refers to morality. The author finds that the steps taken by the Indonesian government are good. This decision is an awareness of the identity of the Indonesian nation as a collaborative entity. The Indonesian government also remembers its commitment to participate in implementing world order.

Keamanan Data Internet of Things dalam Perspektif Pseudosains Mario Bunge

Aditya Pradana, Yoanes Bandung, Dimitri Mahayana, Yusep Rosmansyah — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Data security is a major concern in the rapidly growing Internet of Things (IoT). This paper investigates the data security aspects of IoT with a pseudoscience perspective inspired by Mario Bunge. The purpose of this research is to understand and address data security challenges in IoT environments. First, researcher identify and evaluate potential vulnerabilities and threats to data, hacking risks, and data encryption needs. Then, researcher analyze commonly used security methods and strategies, including blockchain, fog computing, edge computing, and machine learning. Bunge's pseudoscience approach helps in comprehensively understanding and analyzing IoT data security. The results show a deeper understanding of the data security challenges in IoT, as well as detailed recommendations for risk mitigation. This research highlights the importance of a holistic approach that blends technical and philosophical aspects to address data security issues in IoT. The pseudoscience perspective helps in developing a solid conceptual framework and encourages critical thinking in formulating effective security strategies. In conclusion, this paper makes an important contribution in understanding and addressing the complexities of data security in IoT.

Rekontruktif: Kritik Terhadap Positivisme dalam Filsafat Ilmu dan Relevansinya untuk Perkembangan Studi Administrasi Publik

Yelvi Oktavia, Azmi Fitrisia, Siti Fatimah — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article aims to explore criticisms of positivism in the philosophy of science and its relevance to the development of public administration science. The study employs a descriptive-qualitative approach through a literature review to investigate the conception of positivism, its criticisms, and its application in public administration. The results indicate that in the context of public administration, the complexity of phenomena cannot be simply reduced by positivist approaches. Therefore, the reconstructive approach emerges as an intriguing alternative, offering a more holistic, interpretative, and critical perspective in understanding phenomena and practices in public administration. The application of the reconstructive approach in public administration studies involves critical analysis of institutions and policies, interpretative case studies, analysis of power and interests, and collaboration among stakeholders in the policy-making and implementation processes.

Persoalan Privasi dan Degradasi Martabat Manusia dalam Pengawasan Berbasis Kecerdasan Buatan (AI)

Michael Reskiantio Pabubung — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The digital era is like two sides of a coin that have two different impacts: positive and negative. One of the negative impacts is the violation of privacy, especially in the application of artificial intelligence technology. Artificial intelligence technology requires data as its fuel. The need for data is pivotal because artificial intelligence algorithms operate based on [collected] data. As a result, the demand for data has had an impact on humans, where individual information is collected for unrevealed purposes. Often, interested parties argued for security and order reasons. Some gave no reasons because people usually do not object to the data they submit. Why is the issue of privacy essential and urgent to study in the context of AI surveillance? Through qualitative methods with literature analysis techniques in Kantian philosophical perspectives, the author concludes that privacy is quintessential for human dignity. Hence, violating privacy through AI surveillance is a case of humanity because it degrades human dignity.

Paradigma Filosofis Integrasi Keilmuan Berdasarkan Refleksi Historis Perguruan Tinggi Keislaman

Maya Sari — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The scientific integration paradigm is not immediately accepted and has good implications at the UIN level in PTKI. So many problems that arise in its application so this study aims to; analyze the history of PTKI in Indonesia as an effort to discover a developing scientific paradigm; analyze how the anomaly of thought began to occur; describe how the new paradigm developed and; know the implications of that paradigm. This study uses literature studies to construct analytical narratives. Thomas Khun taught about the meaning of paradigm, even though his big idea was to criticize the doctrinal truth of science. In this case the view of religious knowledge cannot be forced at all in reflecting the paradigm of scientific integration. However, Lakatos was able to offer the concept of a "Research Program" to review that religious scholarship is absolute hardcore and must be protected by falsification. Wrapped in the Protective Belt as another scientific analogy, it can be seen how the implementation of religious-based scientific integration is simply illustrated in Lakatos's philosophy.