PEMBERIAN VARIASI EKSTRAK KASAR DAUN PAITAN (Tithonia diversifolia) MENGAKIBATKAN PERBEDAAN MORTALITAS LARVA NYAMUK Culex vishnui

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) pemberian variasi konsentrasi ekstrak kasar daun paitan (Tithonia diversifolia) mengakibatkan perbedaan mortalitas larva nyamuk Culex vishnui, (2) Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) ekstrak kasar daun paitan terhadap mortalitas larva nyamuk Culex vishnui. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen sungguhan dengan rancangan randomized posttest only control group design. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 50 larva instar III Culex vishnui untuk setiap perlakuan. Variasi konsentrasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, dan 60% dengan 5 kali ulangan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Kruskal-Wallis pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa pemberian variasi konsentrasi ekstrak kasar daun paitan mengakibatkan perbedaan mortalitas larva nyamuk Culex vishnui. Konsentrasi ekstrak kasar daun paitan yang paling efektif adalah konsentrasi 15% karena pada konsentrasi tersebut sudah menunjukan adanya mortalitas pada larva Culex vishnui sebesar 20%. Konsentrasi ekstrak 60% menghasilkan rerata mortalitas yang paling tinggi yaitu sebesar 94%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis probit, diketahui bahwa nilai Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) pada penelitian ini adalah 34,02%. Simpulannya adalah pemberian variasi konsentrasi ekstrak kasar daun paitan mengakibatkan perbedaan mortalitas larva nyamuk Culex vishnui.
Kata Kunci : Ekstrak Kasar, Daun Paitan, Mortalitas, Culex vishnui

The purpose of this study was to find out: (1) the addition of various concentrations of mexican sunflower (tithonia diversifolia) leaves crude extract inflict the difference of mortality of culex vishnui larvae, (2) Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) of Mexican sunflower leaves extract on mortality of Culex vishnui larvae. This type of research is an true experimental study with randomized posttest only control group design. The sample used in this research is 50 3rd instar larvae of Culex vishnui for each treatment. The various concentration in this study were 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60% with 5 replications. The data obtained were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis statistic test at 5% significance level. The results of the analysis showed that the addition of various concentrations of mexican sunflower (tithonia diversifolia) leaves crude extract inflict the difference of mortality of culex vishnui larvae. The most effective concentration of mexican sunflower leaves extract is 15% because at that concentration has shown mortality of Culex vishnui larvae by 20%. The extract concentration of 60% resulted the highest mortality rate by 94%. Based on the results of probit analysis, it is known that the value of Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) in this study is 34.02%. The conclusion is the addition of various concentrations of mexican sunflower (tithonia diversifolia) leaves crude extract inflict the difference of mortality of culex vishnui larvae.
keyword : Crude Extract, Mexican Sunflower Leaves, Mortality, Culex vishnui