DISTRIBUSI DAN DIVERSITAS SPESIES TUMBUHAN SIMBOL TUBUH (TRI ANGGA) MASYARAKAT BALI MAJAPAHIT PADA TRI MANDALA, DESA BUDAKELING, KABUPATEN KARANGASEM, BALI

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) komposisi spesies tumbuhan Simbol tubuh di Desa Budakeling (2) densitas dan indeks keanekaragaman spesies tumbuhan Simbol tubuh di Desa Budakeling (3) distribusi dan pola distribusi spesies tumbuhan Simbol tubuh di Desa Budakeling (4) pengetahuan, sikap, dan implementasi masyarakat di Desa Budakeling mengenai Tri Mandala dan Tumbuhan Simbol Tubuh. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksploratif deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh spesies tumbuhan yang terdapat di Desa Budakeling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah tumbuhan simbol tubuh yang terdapat di 33 kuadrat penelitian. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah parameter ekosistem dan parameter sosiosistem. Paramater ekosistem yaitu tumbuhan simbol tubuh. Parameter Sosiosistem meliputi adat dan budaya Bali Majapahit di Desa Budakeling dalam pelestarian tumbuhan simbol tubuh. Culture dalam penelitian ini meliputi parameter (1) human nature orientation, (2) man nature orientation, (3) time orientation, (4) activity orientation dan (5) relational orientation. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan stratified random sampling sedangkan culture dilakukan dengan pemberian kuesioner dan wawancara. Data dianalisis secara statistik ekologi dan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan (1) Komposisi Spesies Tumbuhan Simbol Tubuh di Desa Budakeling sebanyak 18 familia yang terdiri dari 22 spesies dengan jumlah individu sebanyak 178 individu (20,94%), (2) Densitas Tumbuhan pada Tri Mandala di Desa Budakeling adalah 1,1628% yang termasuk ke dalam kategori rendah, sedangkan Indeks keanekaragaman spesies tumbuhan simbol tubuh pada Tri Mandala di Desa Budakeling yaitu 0,996412 dengan makna indeks keanekaragaman tinggi, (3) Pola distribusi spesies tumbuhan simbol tubuh di Desa Budakeling yaitu terdapat 1 spesies (4,5%) dengan pola distribusi teratur, 2 spesies (9,0%) dengan pola distribusi acak, dan 19 spesies (86,3%) dengan pola distribusi mengelompok, sedangkan kategori persebaran spesies tumbuhan simbol tubuh yaitu 1 spesies (4,5%) dengan kategori luas, 5 spesies (22,7%) dengan kategori sedang, dan 16 spesies (72,7%) dengan kategori sempit (4) Masyarakat di Desa Budakeling telah memiliki pengetahuan, sikap, dan implementasi mengenai Tri Mandala dan tumbuhan simbol tubuh.
Kata Kunci : Tumbuhan Simbol Tubuh, Bali Majapahit, Desa Budakeling, Tri Mandala

The aims of this study were to know: (1) composition of body symbol plant species in Budakeling village (2) density and index diversity of body symbol plant species in Budakeling village (3) distribution and distribution pattern of body symbol plant species in Budakeling village (4) knowledge, attitude, and implementation of community in Budakeling village, Tri Mandala, and body symbol plant. The type of this study was descriptive explorative research. The population in this study were all plant species in Budakeling village, Karangasem regency. The samples in this study were body symbols plants which contained in 33 research squares. Parameters that measured in this study were ecosystem parameter and socio-system parameter. Ecosystem parameter included body symbol plant. Socio-system parameter included the custom and culture of Bali Majapahit in Budakeling village in preserving body symbol plant. Culture in this study included the parameters (1) human nature orientation, (2) man nature orientation, (3) time orientation, (4) activity orientation, and, (5) relational orientation. The sampling technique was using stratified random sampling while culture was done by giving questionnaire and doingf interview. The data was analyzed with ecological and descriptive statistics. The results of this study indicated (1) The composition of body symbol plant species in Budakeling village was 18 families from 22 species with the amount of 178 individual (20,94%), (2) Plant density at Tri Mandala in Budakeling village was 1,1628% which belonging to low category, while diversity index of body symbol plant on Tri Mandala in Budakeling village was 0,9964 with high diversity index meaning, (3) Distribution pattern of body symbol plant in Budakeling village was 1 species (4,5%) with a regular distribution pattern, 2 species (9,0%) with a random distribution pattern, and 19 species (86,3%) with a clustered distribution pattern, whereas the distribution category of body symbol plant was 1 species (4,5%) with large category, 5 species (22,7%) with medium category, and 16 species (72,7%) with narrow category (4) Community in Budakeling village had knowledge, attitude, and implementation about Tri Mandala and body symbol plant.
keyword : Body Symbol Plant, Bali Majapahit, Budakeling Village, Tri Mandala