PENERAPAN TEKNIK SKIMMING AYUNAN VISUAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA CEPAT SISWA KELAS XI IPA2 SMA DHARMA PRAJA BADUNG

Abstract

Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan kelas (PTK) yang bertujuan (1) meningkatkan keterampilan membaca cepat pada siswa, (2) mendeskripsikan langkah-langkah pembelajaran yang tepat dalam menerapkan teknik skimming ayunan visual, dan (3) mendeskripsikan respons siswa terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA2 SMA Dharma Praja Badung tahun ajaran 2014∕2015 yang berjumlah 42 orang siswa dan guru Bahasa Indonesia di kelas tersebut. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga metode, yaitu (1) observasi, (2) tes, dan (3) keusioner. Data yang didapatkan kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) penerapan teknik skimming ayunan visual dapat meningkatkan keterampilan membaca cepat siswa. Data refleksi awal menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata kelas adalah 71,5 kemudian menjadi 77,4 pada siklus I dan meningkat menjadi 84,1 pada siklus II. (2) Langkah-langkah yang tepat dalam menerapkan teknik skimming ayunan visual adalah (a) menyampaikan materi dan langkah-langkah membaca cepat dengan teknik skimming ayunan visual, (b) meminta siswa membaca paragraf pertama dan kedua, (c) meminta siswa membaca paragraf ketiga dan selanjutnya dengan meninggalkan bagian-bagian yang tidak diperlukan, (d) meminta siswa membaca gagasan kunci serta beberapa detail yang dibutuhkan, (e) meminta siswa membaca paragraf terakhir, (f) membagikan bacaan kepada siswa dan menugaskan siswa mengukur kecepatan membacanya, (g) meminta siswa mencatat ide pokok dalam bacaan kemudian siswa diminta mengumpulkan bacaan, (h) memberikan pertanyaan yang berkaitan dengan bacaan, dan (i) membahas hasil pekerjaan siswa. (3) respons siswa terhadap penerapan teknik skimming ayunan visual adalah positif. Sebagian besar siswa antusias mengikuti pembelajaran.
Kata Kunci : teknik skimming, ayunan visual, membaca cepat

This study was a classroom action research (CAR) study, which was aimed at (1) improving the students’ swift-reading skill, (2) describing the appropriate syntax of teaching and learning process through the implementation of the Skimming Technique of Visual Swing, and (3) describing the responses of the students toward the teaching and learning process. This study was conducted in two cycles. The subject of this study was the class XI. IPA 2 students of SMA Dharma Praja, Badung in academic year 2013/2014 that consisted of 42 students and an Indonesian teacher at that class. In this study, the data was collected in three methods, which were (1) observation, (2) test, and (3) questionnaire. The collected data was further analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of this study showed that (1) the implementation of Visual Swing Skimming Technique could improve the swift-reading skill of the students. The data of the preliminary observation showed that the mean score of the class was 71,5. This score went over to 77,4 in the first cycle and then was 84,1 in the second cycle. (2) The appropriate syntax of the implementing of the Skimming Technique of Visual Swing were (a) conveyed the material and steps of swift-reading through the Visual Swing Skimming Technique, (b) asked the students to read the first and second paragraph, (c) asked the students to read the third and further paragraphs by leaving the unnecessary parts, (d) asked the students to read the main idea and their supporting idea, (e) asked the students to read the last paragraph, (f) allotted the passage to the students and asked them to measure how swift their reading, (g) asked the students to write the main idea of that passage and then asked them to submit the passage, (h) gave the questions related to the passage, and (i) discuss the results of students’ work. (3) the responses of the students toward the implementation of the Skimming Technique of Visual Swing was positive response. Most of the students followed the teaching and learning process enthusiastically.
keyword : skimming technique, visual swing, swift reading