The Effects of 3C3R-Problem Based Learning towards the Science (Physics) Problem Solving Skill at Grade VIII students of a SMPN in Academic Year 2013/2014

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah sains (fisika) antara siswa yang belajar dengan model 3C3R-Problem Based Learning (3C3R-PBL), model Problem Based Learning (PBL), dan model pembelajaran konvensional (MPK). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi exsperiment) dengan rancangan non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kuta Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014 yang berjumlah lima kelas (160 siswa). Sampel diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling dengan jumah 96 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kemampuan pemecahan masalah awal siswa yang diperoleh dari hasil pre-test dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang diperoleh dari hasil post-test. Tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang dipergunakan terdiri dari 10 soal essay. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif, ANAKOVA, dan uji LSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah sains (fisika) antara siswa yang belajar dengan menggunakan 3C3R-PBL, PBL, dan MPK (F = 12.684; p<0,05). Hasil tindak lanjut uji LSD menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang belajar dengan 3C3R-PBL lebih tinggi dibandingkan PBL (Δµ= 27.453). Kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang belajar dengan 3C3R-PBL lebih tinggi dibandingkan MPK (Δµ=60.680). Kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang belajar dengan PBL lebih tinggi dibandingkan MPK (Δµ=33.226).
Kata Kunci : model 3C3R-Problem Based Learning, model Problem Based Learning, dan model pembelajaran konvensional (MPK), kemampuan pemecahan masalah sains (fisika).

The background of this research was the low level of problem solving skill of students in Indonesia. The research was proposed to analyze the different of science (physics) problem solving among the students who learned with 3C3R-Problem Based Learning (3C3R-PBL), students who learned with Problem Based Learning (PBL), and students who learned with conventional model. This quasi experimental research was pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design. The population of this research was 160 Grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Kuta in second semester of the academic year 2013/2014 which consisted of 5 classes. The total samples were 96 students in 3 classes, and they were taken by using simple random sampling method. Data of problem solving skill in science (physics) were collected by essay test. Data were analyzed descriptively and used ANACOVA with prior problem solving skill as a covariate. For further analysis, Least Significant Difference (LSD) was used. The result shows that there are significant differences of physics problem solving skill among the three groups of students (F = 12.684; p<0.05). LSD analysis shows that the problem solving skill of students who are taught by using 3C3R-PBL is higher than who are taught by using PBL (Δµ= 27.453) and conventional model (LSD=18.663; Δµ=60.680). The problem solving skill of students who are taught by using PBL is higher than the conventional model (Δµ=33.226).
keyword : 3C3R-Problem Based Learning, Problem Based Learning, Conventional Learning Model, and science (physics) problem solving skill.