Arca Megalitik di Pura Sibi Agung, Desa Pakraman Kesian, Gianyar, Bali, dan Potensinya Sebagai Sumber Belajar Sejarah di SMA Berdasarkan Kurikulum 2013

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui sejarah keberadaan arca megalitik di Pura Sibi Agung Desa Pakraman Kesian, Gianyar, Bali, (2) mengetahui wujud, dan fungsi arca megalitik yang terdapat di Pura Sibi Agung Desa Pakraman Kesian, Gianyar, Bali (3) mengetahui aspek-aspek dari arca megalitik di Pura Sibi Agung yang memiliki potensi sebagai sumber belajar sejarah zaman pra aksara kelas X di SMA berdasarkan kurikulum 2013. Dalam penelitian ini, data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan tahap-tahap; (1) teknik penentuan lokasi penelitian, (2) teknik penentuan informan, (3) teknik pengumpulan data (observasi, wawancara, kajian dokumen), (4) teknik penjamin keaslian data (triangulasi data, triangulasi metode), dan (5) teknik analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, (1) Latar belakang dari pembuatan Arca Megalitik ini adalah adanya kepercayaan masyarakat pada zaman pra aksara terhadap arwah nenek moyang yang diwujudkan melalui pembuatan Arca Megalitik sebagai media pemujaan yang sakral, Arca Megalitik tertua di Pura Sibi Agung sudah ada jauh sebelum dibangunnya pura ini. (2) Wujud Arca Megalitik di Pura Sibi Agung keseluruhan berbentuk sederhana, dan difungsikan sebagai lambang pemujaan arwah leluhur, sebagai sarana pendidikan sosial, sebagai benda peninggalan purbakala, dan sebagai benda budaya. (3) Aspek-Aspek dari Arca Megalitik Di Pura Sibi Agung yang memiliki potensi sebagai sumber belajar sejarah Zaman Pra Aksara kelas X di SMA berdasarkan kurikulum 2013, adalah, Aspek Bentuk Fisik Arca Megalitik, Aspek Sejarah (Historis), aspek gotong royong dan kebersamaan, aspek religius (Religi).
Kata Kunci : arca megalitik, wujud dan fungsi, sumber belajar

This study was conducted for several purposes as; (1) to know the history of the existence of megalithic sculpture located in Sibi Agung temple, Kesian village, Gianyar regency, Bali (2) to know the form and the function of megalithic sculpture existed in Sibi Agung temple, Kesian village, Gianyar regency, Bali (3) to know the aspects of megalithic sculpture which could potentially be used as the learning source especially for the topic concerning on pre-literacy era on the history subject for grade X at SMA Negeri 1 Gianyar, Bali. In this study, the data was collected by using the qualitative method which consisted of the following steps; (1) the technique of examining the setting of the study (2) the technique of examining the informant (3) the technique of data collection (observation, interview, document-examination) (4) the technique of assuring the originality of the data (data triangulation, triangulation method), and (5) the technique of data analysis. From the implementation of the study, there were several results obtained; (1) the making of megalithic sculpture was based on the belief of the society in the pre-literacy era toward the ancestral spirit which was later being manifested into the megalithic sculpture, a sacred worshiping medium. This megalithic sculpture was the oldest sculpture in Sibi Agung temple and had been existed even before the temple itself was built. (2) The overall look of the megalithic sculpture in Sibi Agung temple was in simple and it was functioned as the symbol of worshiping the spirit of the ancestor, as the learning medium for social science, as the inheritance of ancient object, and as the cultural object. (3) The aspects of megalithic sculpture in Sibi Agung temple which potentially be used as the learning source for history subject especially on the topic concerning on the pre-literacy era in grade X at SMA Negeri 1 Gianyar, Bali, were, the physical form aspect of megalithic area, the historical aspect, the aspect of mutual cooperation and togetherness, and the religious aspect.
keyword : megalithic sculpture, form and function, learning source