Mutasi Daerah D-Loop DNA Mitokondria pada Penderita Asma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jstundiksha.v12i2.51433Keywords:
mtDNA, D-Loop, PCR, mutasi, AsmaAbstract
Asma adalah penyakit radang kronis yang disebabkan oleh inflamasi sel darah putih. Asma dapat terjadi karena adanya reaksi terhadap lingkungan dan kombinasi rangsangan genetik. Rangsangan genetik akan mempengaruhi urutan basa nitrogen pada asam deoksiribonukleat mitokondria (mtDNA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganaslisis jenis mutasi yang terjadi di daerah D-Loop mtDNA penderita asma. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penyiapan cetakan DNA dari sel akar rambut penderita asma dan manusia normal menggunakan metode buffer lisis. Amplifikasi fragmen D-Loop mitokondria dari DNA cetakan menggunakan teknik Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR). Deteksi amplikon fragmen D-Loop dilakukan dengan cara memisahkan amplikon berdasarkan ukuran molekul melalui metode elektroforesis gel agarosa, dan penentuan urutan nukleotida fragmen D-Loop ditentukan melalui metode dideoksi Sanger. Dari hasil pensejajaran urutan DNA secara in silico, diperoleh 7 mutasi, yaitu a(16037)-, c(16108)T, g(16129)A, a(16162)G, t(16172)C, t(16304)C, t(16519)C ditemukan pada penderita asma dan sesuai dengan standar dari basis data Cambridge Reference Sequence (CRS). Pada pensejajaran urutan nukteotida antara kontrol CRS dan manusia normal tidak ditemukan adanya mutasi substitusi, ataupun delesi yang berkaitan dengan mutasi pada penyakit asma. Adanya mutasi memperkuat data sebagai ciri genotip gangguan pernafasan seperti penyakit asma.
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