Hydraulic Retention Time dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Kualitas Biogas dari Kotoran Sapi Menggunakan Digester Anaerobik Tipe Batch Skala Kecil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jstundiksha.v12i1.57310Keywords:
Biogas, Hydraulic Retention Time, Batch Digester, Quality, Heating ValueAbstract
Dalam merancang digester biogas skala besar dan beroperasi jangka panjang dengan ketersediaan bahan baku setiap hari, penting untuk mengetahui waktu retensi hidrolik (HRT) dari substrat guna mengoptimalkan proses dekomposisi dan mendapatkan kualitas biogas yang baik. Komposisi gas terutama metana (CH4) menjadi dasar penentuan kualitas biogas. Pendekatan eksperimental menggunakan digester anaerobik tipe batch berkapasitas 50 liter dilakukan untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh HRT pada proses dekomposisi anaerobik terhadap kualitas biogas. Campuran kotoran sapi dan air dengan perbandingan 1:1 dan 1:2 digunakan sebagai substrat. Selanjutnya, kondisi proses dan kualitas biogas dianalisis dan dievaluasi dengan variabel HRT 3, 7, 14, 21, dan 28 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas biogas tertinggi diperoleh dari proses dekomposisi anaerobik dengan komposisi substrat 1:1 dan pada HRT 28 hari, dengan kandungan CH4 sebesar 62,23 %vol dan nilai kalor sebesar 21745,71 kJ/m3. Hasil investigasi ini dapat dijadikan acuan di dalam merancang digester biogas skala besar dan beroperasi jangka panjang untuk berbagai tipe digester yang berbeda. Semakin lama HRT substrat pada proses dekomposisi anaerobik di dalam digester, semakin tinggi persentase kandungan CH4 dalam biogas, dan semakin tinggi pula nilai kalornya.
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