Pengaruh Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan terhadap Volume Runoff di Kawasan Perkotaan Yogyakarta Tahun 2008 – 2018
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Abstract
Kawasan Perkotaan Yogyakarta mencakup seluruh wilayah Kota Yogyakarta dan sebagian Kabupaten Sleman serta Bantul. Setiap tahunnya penggunaan lahan mengalami perubahan terutama pada Kawasan Perkotaan Yogyakarta, disertai dengan perubahan intensitas hujan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada hubungan perubahan penggunaan lahan dengan volume runoff. Perubahan penggunaan lahan diklasifikasikan menggunakan metode unsupervised berdasarkan citra Landsat 5 dan 8 dengan interval 5 tahunan (2008, 2013, dan 2018). Volume runoff maksimum dikalkulasi menggunakan metode SCS-CN. Hubungan kedua hasil tersebut dianalisis dengan metode korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama tahun 2008 – 2018 luas lahan terbangun meningkat sebanyak 19,5% dari 11.755,6 ha pada tahun 2008 menjadi 14.059,5 ha pada tahun 2018. Volume runoff mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 76,6% dari 7.268,68 m3 pada tahun 2008 menjadi 12.837,63 m3 pada tahun 2018. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan tingginya signifikansi hasil nilai korelasi dibawah 5% dengan t- hitung lebih besar dari t-tabel. Korelasi Y menunjukkan jika lahan terbangun bertambah 100 ha maka terdapat kenaikan volume runoff sebanyak 76.09 m3. Korelasi Y untuk lahan terbuka jika bertambah 100 ha maka terdapat kenaikan volume runoff sebanyak 59.27 m3. Pada lahan vegetasi, jika luas lahan vegetasi bertambah 100 ha, volume runoff akan bertambah 54 m3. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin luas penggunaan lahan terbangun maka volume runoff juga semakin besar.
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