Analisis Pola Spasial Sebaran COVID-19 Kota Bogor Berdasarkan Indek Moran
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Abstract
Bencana pandemi COVID-19 di kota Bogor perlu diidentifikasi sebaran pola spasial guna memudahkan upaya mitigasi. Pola sebaran dan pemetaan klaster lokal diperlukan untuk mengetahui daerah mana yang terkena dampak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memetakan sebaran spasial, apakah pola COVID-19 itu acak, tersebar, atau mengelompok. Arah sebaran perlu dipetakan untuk upaya pencegahan penyebarannya. Pengambilan data secara agregat kasus positif dan suspek COVID-19 masing-masing kelurahan mulai 1 Maret 2020 hingga 23 Mei 2021. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif menggunakan perangkat lunak statistika spasial SIG. Identifikasi pola spasial dianalisis menggunakan autokorelasi spasial Index Moran'I Global. Hasil analisis menggambarkan bahwa kasus positif dan suspek COVID-19 memiliki pola sebaran mengelompok dengan indeks Moran masing-masing 0,432980 dan 0,280374. Pemetaan klaster titik panas pada kasus positif dan suspek menggunakan autokorelasi spasial lokal Getis Ord Gi* menunjukkan bahwa secara signifikan terdapat 11 klaster titik panas dan 11 titik dingin. Pola klaster lokal ini terjadi pada kelurahan yang letaknya berdekatan, melintasi dan tidak mengenal batas kecamatan. Standar deviasi elips menunjukkan informasi penting arah kecenderungan penyebaran COVID-19 yang diperlukan untuk upaya mitigasi bencana pandemi di beberapa kelurahan di Kota Bogor.
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