VARIASI PRONOMINA PENUTUR BAHASA BALI DALAM FILM PENDEK BUDAYA NYATUANG TRESNA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/prasi.v17i1.46108Keywords:
pronomina persona, Bahasa Bali, gender, sosiolinguistik, masyarakat tuturAbstract
ABSTRAK
Kemampuan berkomunikasi penutur dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman linguistiknya di tempat individu bersosial. Dengan demikian, masyarakat tutur sebagai lingkup yang lebih besar dari individu memengaruhi kompetensi linguistik penutur. Mengacu pada sumber data, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor sosial terkait penggunaan pronomina persona tunggal oleh penutur bahasa Bali. Sebanyak 13 data diambil dalam film pendek Budaya Nyatuang Tresna menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dalam rangka menghadirkan justifikasi penggunaan kata ganti yang digunakan oleh penutur remaja dan dewasa. Mengingat faktor sosial turut mewarnai kemampuan berbahasa penutur, temuan dalam artikel ini diklasifikasikan berdasarkan gender. Hasilnya menunjukkan kata ganti berupa “silabe terakhir dari nama penutur” bersifat femininitas dan “rage” menjadi umum digunakan oleh laki-laki, bahkan digunakan oleh perempuan di keadaan tertentu. Namun, pronomina “tiang” dapat digunakan oleh siapa pun, baik bahasa remaja atau dewasa, terlepas pada gender laki-laki atau perempuan. Lebih lanjut, penggunaannya mengacu pada bahasa formal dan kesan honorifik penutur kepada mitra tutur.
Kata kunci: pronomina persona, Bahasa Bali, gender, sosiolinguistik, masyarakat tutur
ABSTRACT
Communicative competencies are influenced by the speaker’s linguistic experience in his/her social life. Therefore, a community speech, as a larger scope, can build the speaker’s communicative ability. This study aims to identify social factors related to Balinese speakers' use of first-person pronouns. Furthermore, this research found 13 data from the short film Budaya Nyatuang Tresna using a qualitative descriptive method to present justification for the use of pronouns used by speakers. Considering that social factors also affect the speakers' language skills, the findings are thus classified by the speaker’s gender. Eventually, pronouns in the form of ‘partial name' are categorized as feminine, and “rage” or ‘I’ is commonly used by men, even women in certain circumstances. However, the pronoun “tiang” or ‘I’ can be used by anyone, regardless of the male or female gender. However, its use refers to formal language and the speaker's honorific impression of his/her counterpart.
Keywords : personal pronoun, Balinese language, gender, sociolinguistics, community speech
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