An Analysis of Basic Human Values in the C.S Lewis’ the Chronicles of Narnia: the Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe

Ari Muliani

doi:10.23887/ijll.v6i4.29380

Authors

Ari Muliani UNDIKSHA, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Singaraja

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23887/ijll.v6i4.29380

Keywords:

textual analysis, basic human values

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify basic human values on C.S Lewis’ novel “The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe. Textual analysis was used in this study. The data were collected by reading the text and creating data corpus units in written form. There are 24 basic human values that can be found in this novel. The basic human values are self-direction (curiosity) and hedonism (enjoyment/pleasure), power (authority), security (safety), tradition (belief), benevolence (loyalty), stimulation (bravery and love challenge), achievement (ambition), and benevolence (helpful and forgiveness), self-direction (independence, creativity, and self-respect), stimulation (pleasure/enjoyment), achievement (success and capability), conformity (positive behavior and harmony), tradition (religion), and universalism (tolerance and wisdom).

References

Abrams, M. H. (n.d.). A Glossary of Literary Terms (seventh ed.). United States of America: Earl McPeek.

Almerico, G. M. (2014, October). Building character through literacy with children’s literature . Research in Higher Education Journal, 26, 1-13.

Astuti, R. E., Mujiyanto, Y., & Rohmadi, M. (2016, October). Analisis Psikologi sastra dan Nilai Pendidikan Dalam Novel "Entrok" Karya Okky Madasari Serta Relevansinya Sebagai Materi Pembelajaran Sastra di Sekolah Menengah Atas. BASASTRA Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia dan Pengajarannya, 4(2), 175-187.

Babaee, R., & Yahya, W. R. (2014). Significance of Literature in Foreign Language Teaching. International Education Studies, 7(4), 80-85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v7n4p80

Barsukova, O. V. (2016). Psychological Characteristics of Ambitious Person. (JPMNT) Journal of Process Management – New Technologies, International, 4(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/JPMNT1602079B

Chambers, E., & Gregory, M. (2006). Teaching & Learning English Literature. SAGE Publications

Cherington, D. J. (2015, June). Understanding Honesty. 29-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/ner.2015.0011

Dewi, N. L., Putrayasa, I. B., & Nurjaya, I. G. (2014). Analisis Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Novel "Sepatu Dahan" Karya Khrishna pabichara dan relevansinya Terhadap pengajaran pendidikan karakter Sekolah Di Indonesia. e-Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan sastra indonesia, 2(1), 1-10.

Dimakos, C. M. (2006, July). The effects of using children's literature to teach positive character traits to elementary students.

Frey, L., Botan, C., & Kreps, G. (1999 (2nd ed)). In Investigating communication: An introduction to research methods. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Gamble, N., & Yates, S. (2002). Exploring Children's Literature. London: Paul Chapman Publishing. Retrieved from https://epdf.pub

Gupta, P. (2016, January). Degradation of Human Values in Higher Education : An Analysis. International Journal of Research – Granthaalayah, 4(1), 165-170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i1.2016.2860

Hancock, B., Ockleford, E., & Windridge, K. (2009). An Introduction to Qualitative Research. The NIHR RDS for the East Midlands . Retrieved from www.rds-eastmidlands.nihr.ac.uk

Hoque, M. E. (2007). The Use of Literature in Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL). Jahangirnagar Studies of Literature and Language, 22. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316659084.

Jonathan. (2015). Pendidikan Karakter: Hubungan Karakter Dengan Kepribadian. 1-29.

Keshavarzi, A. (2012). Use of literature in teaching English. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, 554 – 559. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.05.159

Lanua, R., Saddhono, K., & Supana. (2017, May). Psychoalysis Of Characters And Moral Values In The Novel Kepanggang Wirang (Burned Above The Shame) By Tiwiek Sa. Ijoltl, 2(2), 65-82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30957/ijoltl.v2i2.279

Lestari, L. T. (2018). Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Karakter Novel Sang pemimpi Karya Andrea Hirata dan pembelajaran di SMA.

Lindeman, M., & Verkasalo, M. (2014). Measuring Values With the Short Schwartz's Value Survey. Journal of Personality Assessment, 85(2), 170-178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa8502_09

Litman, J. A., & Silvia, P. J. (2005). The Latent Structure of Trait Curiosity: Evidence for Interest and deprivation Curiosity Dimensions. Journal of Personality Assesment. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa8603_07

Mawardi, D. (2014, Juni). Pendidikan untuk pengembangan Karakter (telaah terhadap Gagasan lickona dalam Educating for Character). 14(1), 269-288.

Mckee, A. (2001). A beginner’s guide to textual analysis. Metro Magazine.

Mohajan, H. K. (2018). Qualitative Research Methodology in Social Sciences and Related Subject. Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People , 7(1), 22-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26458/jedep.v7i1.571

Nasional, K. P. (2010). Panduan Pelaksanaan Pendidikan Karakter. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pusat Kurikulum dan Perbukuan.

Nasional, K. P. (2010). Pengembangan Pendidikan Budaya dan Karakter Bangsa. Jakarta.

Niemi, N. S. (2012). Defining Self-‐respect vs. Self-‐esteem and Measuring This Critical Youth-‐Development Asset. 1-15.

Persulessy, S. I., Emzir, & Rahman, A. (2018). Social Values in Charles Dickens’s Novel “Oliver Twist”. 136-142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.9n.5p.136

Reisen, M., & Stam, G.V (2016). Maslow's Theory of Human Motivation and Its Deep Roots in Individualism

Salima, H. (2019). Analisis Kemandirian Belajar Siswa Dalam pembelajaran tematika di Kelas 2 SD AL-Azhar 17 Bintari

Sari, S. (2019). An Analysis of Moral Value In “Gulliver’s Travel” Novel .

Schwartz, S. H., & Boehnke, K. (2004). Evaluating the Structure of Human Values with confirmatory Factor Analysis. Journal of Research in Personality, 230–255. https://doi:10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00069-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00069-2

Schwartz, S. H. (2006). Basic Human Values: Theory, Measurement, and Applications. Revue française de sociologie, 1-51.

Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. In M. P. Zanna (Eds.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 24, pp. 1-65). New York: Academic Press DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60281-6

Solmaz, S. Y. (2018). Human Values as a Predictor of Moral Maturity of Teacher Candidates. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5, 863-870. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2018.060508

Suarniti, G. A. (2019, Juli). Values Found In Lewis’s The Chronicles Of Narnia. Jurnal Bahasa dan Budaya, 3(2), 1-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22225/kulturistik.3.2.1184

Suryaningrum, D., Marbum, R., & Iwan, S. (2015). The Analysis of The Moral values in The Novel "Sense and Sensibility". Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Khatulistiwa, 8(5), 1-13.

Utami, D. B., & Arifin, R. (2017, June). An Analysis Of Moral Values In Burnett’s Little Lord Fauntleroy Novel. 3(1), 29-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26486/jele.v3i1.265

Violetta, K., & Irene. (2015). The Use of Literature in the Language Classroom: Methods and Aims. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 5(1), 74-79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7763/IJIET.2015.V5.479

Wahyuni, Y. (2019, October). An Analysis of Moral values of "Edensor" Novel (english version) Written by Andrea Hirata.

Wąsikiewicz-Firlej, E. (2012). Developing cultural awareness through reading literary texts. Retrieved from www.taikomojikalbotyra.lt DOI: https://doi.org/10.15388/TK.2012.17254

Widyahening, D., & Wardhani, D. (2016). Literray Work and Character Education. International Journal of Language and Literature, 4, 176-18Yati, P. (2016). Pendidikan Karakter Anak usia Dini Melalui Metode Pembelajaran Field Trip. Lentera, 18(1), 123-139.

Yuwanto, L. (2015). profil Koruptor Berdasarkan Tinjauan basic Human Values. ILS Community Responsibilty Program, 1(1), 1-13.