Analisis Aksiologis Kebebasan Ekspresi Majalah Charlie Hebdo dalam Penerbitan Kartun Nabi Muhammad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jfi.v5i1.38824Kata Kunci:
Kebebasan Ekspresi, Charlie Hebdo, Humanisme Sekular, Kartun NabiAbstrak
Abstrak
Penerbitan secara bebas kartun Nabi Muhammad oleh majalah satir Prancis, Charlie Hebdo, telah mengundang beberapa aksi penyerangan dan teror. Kebebasan berekspresi dan berpendapat menjadi alasan Charlie Hebdo secara berulang menerbitkan kartun Nabi Muhammad yang secara interpretatif dianggap menghina dan menodai agama Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkritisi alasan kebebasan ekspresi majalah Prancis Charlie Hebdo terkait penggambaran kartun Nabi Muhammad secara aksiologis.Penelitian bersifat deskriptif kualitatif rasionalistik dengan menggunakan metode observasi fenomenologis berdasarkan studi kepustakaan. Hasil analisis ditemukan bahwa akar kebebasan ekspresi tersebut berasal dari nilai humanisme sekular.Tindakan pennggambaran kartun Nabi Muhammad oleh majalah Charlie Hebdo diakui bertujuan untuk mengkritik kaum fundamentalis agama. Meskipun memiliki pesan humanis dan tidak bertujuan untuk menghina atau menistakan agama Islam, namun secara aksiologis Charlie Hebdo telah mencampuradukkan antara prinsip nilai adikodrati dari agama supernatural dengan nilai-nilai kodrati dari humanisme sekular. Basis moral agama supernatural berasal dari prinsip nilai kesucian, keagungan, dan ketaatan. Sedangkan basis moral humanisme sekular berasal dari nilai liberalisme yang antroposentris dan ateistik. Perbedaan prinsip aksiologis keduanya menciptakan benturan ideologis yang berpotensi pada konflik horizontal yang tidak berkesudahan yaitu konflik antara radikalisme agama dan radikalisme politik global.
Kata kunci: Kebebasan Ekspresi, Charlie Hebdo, Humanisme Sekular; Kartun Nabi
Abstract
The free publication of cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad by the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo has invited several acts of attack and terror. Freedom of expression and opinion is the reason Charlie Hebdo repeatedly publishes cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad which are interpretively considered to be insulting and desecrating Islam. This study aims to criticize the reasons for the freedom of expression of the French magazine Charlie Hebdo in relation to the axiological depiction of the Prophet Muhammad's cartoon. This research is descriptive qualitative rationalistic using phenomenological observation method based on literature study. The results of the analysis found that the roots of freedom of expression came from the values of secular humanism. Charlie Hebdo magazine's cartoon depiction of the Prophet Muhammad is purportedly aimed at criticizing religious fundamentalists. Even though it has a humanist message and does not aim to insult or insult Islam, Charlie Hebdo axiologically has confused the supernatural values of supernatural religion with the natural values of secular humanism. . Meanwhile, the moral basis of secular humanism comes from the values of liberalism which are anthropocentric and atheistic. The difference in the axiological principles of the two creates ideological clashes that have the potential for endless horizontal conflicts, namely the conflict between religious radicalism and global political radicalism.
Keywords : Freedom of Expresion, Charlie Hebdo, Secular Humanism, Prophet Cartoons.
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