Kemiskinan Kronis Berkelanjutan di Masyarakat Kawasan Hutan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jish.v12i1.50290Keywords:
Masyarakat Kawasan Hutan, Kemiskinan Kronis, Rumah Tangga Miskin, Kemiskinan BerkelanjutanAbstract
Studi tentang kemiskinan kronis di kawasan hutan tidak begitu banyak dilakukan meski literatur terdahulu selalu mengaitkan antara konsep kemiskinan dan kawasan hutan. Dengan mengambil pendekatan kualitatif bergenre fenomenologi di Dusun Malangbong, Kabupaten Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur pada tahun 2021, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan karakteristik rumah tangga miskin kronis di pedesaan kawasan sekitar hutan dan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan keberlanjutan kemiskinan kronis tersebut. Hasil riset mengidentifikasi bahwa rumah tangga miskin kronis di kawasan hutan memiliki permasalahan ekonomi mulai dari mata pencaharian yang tidak menguntungkan, trend pendapatan yang selalu menurun, rendahnya kualitas hidup, dan buruknya kualitas kesehatan mereka. Mereka tetap miskin karena adanya faktor internal dan eksternal. Faktor internal yang menyebabkan kelanggengan miskin kronis adalah rendahnya kualitas pendidikan, terlalu bergantung pada kayu hutan dan rendahnya kreativitas dalam usaha, terbatasnya sumber daya air, dan pola pikir pengelolaan uang rumah tangga yang tidak efektif. Di sisi lain, faktor eksternal yang membentuk kemiskinan kronis adalah terisolirnya mereka dari pusat desa/kota, rusaknya infrastruktur jalan penghubung antar dusun/desa, dan keterbatasan sarana perekonomian di desa. Dengan mengetahui akar problem kemiskinan di masyarakat kawasan hutan, temuan artikel ini diharapkan bisa dimanfaatkan oleh pihak-pihak terkait untuk merumuskan strategi pengentasan kemiskinan yang dirasa tepat untuk jenis masyarakat ini.
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