Problematika dalam Pembelajaran Berbicara di Kelas VIII-2 SMP Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jjpbs.v2i1.2229Abstrak
ABSTRAK Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) problematika guru dalam pembelajaran berbicara di kelas VIII-2 SMP Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja dan (2) problematika siswa dalam pembelajaran berbicara di kelas VIII-2 SMP Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru bahasa Indonesia yang mengajar di kelas VIII-2 SMP Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja dan siswa di kelas VIII-2 SMP Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja. Objek penelitian ini adalah problematika guru dalam pembelajaran berbicara dan problematika siswa dalam pembelajaran berbicara. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan, yaitu metode observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah, lembar observasi, kartu data, dan wawancara tidak terstruktur. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan model analisis deskriptif kualitatif melalui tiga tahapan, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penyimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) problematika guru dalam pembelajaran berbicara didapat dari tiga komponen, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Problematika dalam perencanaan pembelajaran berbicara, yaitu terletak pada rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP) pada komponen Standar Kompetensi, Indikator Pembelajaran, Tujuan Pembelajaran, Kegiatan Pembelajaran, dan Media dan Sumber Belajar. Problematika dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbicara yaitu pada kegiatan awal guru memberikan apersepsi yang kurang bervariasi. Pada kegiatan inti, guru tidak menggunakan media sebagai alat bantu dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran dan pada kegiatan akhir guru tidak melakukan evaluasi langsung setelah pembelajaran berakhir. Problematika dalam evaluasi pembelajaran berbicara, yaitu guru tidak melakukan evaluasi langsung setelah pelaksanaan pembelajaran berakhir seperti yang sudah ada dalam rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP). (2) Problematika siswa dalam pembelajaran berbicara mencakup satu aspek, yaitu faktor-faktor penyebab problematika siswa dalam pembelajaran berbicara. Faktor-faktor penyebab problematika siswa dalam pembelajaran berbicara terdiri atas dua faktor, yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal terdiri dari (a) penguasaan tekanan, nada, jeda, intonasi, dan ritme, (b) pemilihan kata dan ungkapan yang baik, (c) rasa malu, (d) rasa takut, dan (e) rasa kurang percaya diri. Faktor eksternal terdiri dari (a) suara atau bunyi dan (b) media.Kata Kunci : Kata kunci: problematika, pembelajaran, berbicara
ABSTRACT This study used descriptive qualitative research approach that aimed at find out (1) teacher’s problematic in speaking learning at class VIII-2 of SMP Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja and (2) student’s problematic in speaking learning at class VIII-2 of SMP Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja. Subject of this study were Indonesian’s teacher who taught at class VIII-2 of SMP Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja and students at class VIII-2 of SMP Laboratorium Undiksha Singaraja. Object in this study were teacher’s problematic in speaking learning and student’s problematic in speaking learning. Data collection method that used were, i.e. the method of observation, documentation, and interviews. The instrument used in this study were observation sheet, data card, and unstructured interviews. Data was analyzed by using descriptive qualitative analysis model through three steps, i.e. data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The results of this study were (1) teacher’s problematic in speaking learning was be obtained from three components, i.e. planning, implementation, and evaluation. Problematic in speaking learning planning, i.e. was set up in the lesson plan (RPP) at competence standard, learning indicator, learning purpose, learning activity, and also media and learn source. Problematic in speaking learning implementation was at first activity teacher gave apperception that not have variation enough. At contents activity, teacher was not using media as auxiliary instrument in learning implementation and at end activity teacher was not doing evaluation immediately after learning become extinct. Problematic in speaking learning evaluation was teacher was not doing evaluation immediately after learning become extinct such as there is the lesson plan (RPP) already. (2) Student’s problematic in speaking learning included an aspect was cause of student’s problematic in speaking learning factors. Cause of student’s problematic in speaking learning factors comprise of two factors, i.e. internal factor and external factor. Internal factor consisting of (a) pressure governance, pitch, juncture, intonation, and rhythm, (b) word selection and good idiom, (c) embarrassed feeling, (d) be afraid feeling, and (e) not selfreliant enough feeling. External factor consisting of (a) voice or sound and (b) media.
keyword : Keywords: problematic, learning, speaking
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2014-02-14
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