Analisis Wacana Iklan Layanan Masyarakat Satuan Lalu Lintas Polres Buleleng di Singaraja: Kajian Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jjpbs.v3i1.5292Abstrak
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan mendeskripsikan (1) elemen teks ILM Satuan Lalu Lintas Polres Buleleng di Singaraja, (2) praktik wacana ILM Satuan Lalu Lintas Polres Buleleng di Singaraja, dan (3) praktik sosiokultural ILM Satuan Lalu Lintas Polres Buleleng di Singaraja. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah ILM Sat. Lantas Polres Buleleng dan objek penelitian ini adalah wacana yang terdapat dalam ILM. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode dokumentasi dan wawancara, kemudian data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis wacana kritis Norman Fairclough. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 1) elemen teks dalam ILM merepresentasikan masalah berlalu lintas di kota Singaraja seperti masalah penggunaan helm, kecepatan kendaraan, dan menyeberang jalan. Relasi atau hubungan antara institusi dengan masyarakat kota Singaraja ditampilkan melalui penggunaan ragam bahasa, kata sapa, dan jenis kalimat. Identitas institusi ditampilkan dengan lambang serta nama institusi. Sedangkan, masyarakat ditampilkan dengan kata “Anda”, “Pelopor”, “Gek”, dan “Bli”; (2) pada praktik wacana, iklan dibuat berdasarkan tema yang diberikan Korlantas Pusat dan dibuat oleh Satuan Lalu Lintas dengan memperhatikan program yang dimiliki serta kasus lalu lintas yang terjadi; (3) praktik sosiokultural yang turut memengaruhi tampilan iklan adalah keadaan sosial yang lebih mengutamakan penampilan, cenderung tidak tepat waktu, korupsi, dan budaya Bali. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa teori wacana kritis Norman Fairclough masih relevan dan bisa digunakan untuk menganalisis ILM tidak hanya melihat bahasa dari ruang tertutup tetapi mampu menghubungkannya dengan konteks masyarakat yang lebih luas. Untuk dapat mengurangi angka laka lantas, masyarakat perlu memaknai tekstual hingga konteks sosial iklan layanan masyarakat.Kata Kunci : iklan layanan masyarakat, Norman Fairclough
This research was a qualitative descriptive study aimed to describe (1) the text elements PSA Buleleng Police Traffic Unit in Singaraja, (2) the practice of discourse PSA Buleleng Police Traffic Unit in Singaraja, and (3) socio-cultural practices PSA Buleleng Police Traffic Unit at Singaraja. Subjects in this study was PSA Buleleng Police Traffic Unit in Singaraja and the object of this study was contained in the PSA discourse. Data collected by the methods of documentation and interviews, then the data were analyzed using critical discourse analysis Norman Fairclough. Results of this study are 1) text elements in the PSA representing a traffic problem in the city of Singaraja such problems helmet usage, vehicle speed, and cross the street. The relationship between community institutions Singaraja had shown through the use many kinds of languages, greetings, and the types of sentence. Institution identity is shown by the symbol and name of the institution. Meanwhile, the public is displayed by the word "you", "Pioneer", "Gek", and "Bli"; (2) the practice of discourse, the advertisements are made based on the them which is given by the Korlantas Pusat and did by the Police Traffic unit through the programs had and also the traffic accidents happened; (3) socio-cultural practices which also affect the display of ads is a social state that prioritizes appearance, tend not timely, corruption, and Baliness culture. This proves that the theory of critical discourse Norman Fairclough is still relevant and it can be used to analyze the PSA is not just looking at the language in a closed space but also is able to connect with the broader community context. To be able to reduce the traffic accidents, the people need to interpret the textual to the social context of public service ads.
keyword : public service announcements, Norman Fairclough
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2015-07-22
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