Analisis Ikonografi Motif Subahnale Kain Songket Sukarara Kecamatan Jonggat Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

Abstract

Analisis Ikonografi Motif Subahnale Kain Songket di Desa Sukarara, merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan tujuan: 1) Untuk mendeskripsikan praikonografi motif Subahnale kain songket Sukarara, kecamatan Jonggat kabupaten Lombok Tengah, 2) Untuk mendeskripsikan ikonografi motif Subahnale kain songket Sukarara, kecamatan Jonggat kabupaten Lombok Tengah, 3) Untuk mendeskripsikan interpretasi ikonologis motif Subahnale kain songket Sukarara, kecamatan Jonggat kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Data diperoleh melalui tahap observasi dan wawancara terhadap masyarakat, pemuka adat, budayawan, kepala desa, pemilik kerajinan, pengrajin, dan ahli bahasa Arab kemudian data diolah dengan model Miles dan Huberman (1984) yakni dengan mereduksi data, menyajikan data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Diperoleh hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. (1) Pada tahap pra-ikonografi dijelaskan asal dari kata Subahnale yakni Subhanallah yang artinya Maha Suci Allah. Merupakan kalimat tasbih yang diucapkan untuk memberikan puji-pujian kepada Allah subhanahu wa ta’la. (2) Tahap kedua yakni ikonografi, didapatkan arti dan makna motif Subahnale tidak hanya dari penamaan namun juga dari motif kain songket Subahnale yang pertama kali ditenun juga motif pengembangan lainnya. (3) Interpretasi ikonologis yakni tahap terakhir, didapatkan hasil analisis motif Subahnale dan motif pengembangannya berdasarkan filosofis dari apa yang terkandung ataupun yang terlihat. Motif Subahnale, secara keseluruhan menceritakan tentang bagaimana manusia menjalani hidup seharusnya.
Kata Kunci : ikonografi, kain songket, Subahnale.

An iconography analysis of Songket Fabric with Subahnale Pattern in Sukarara Village is a qualitative research which aimed to describe iconography analysis in three steps, such as pre-iconography analysis, iconography, and iconology interpretation step. The data in this research were collected through observation and interview toward society, a trusted person who in charge in custom and cultural stuff, cultural observer, headman of Sukarara Village, handicraft owners, craftsman, and Arabic expert. The data were processed by applying the model formulated by Miles and Hubarman (1984). There were three steps done in processing the data, namely data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. It was contained some result, such as (1) In the pre-iconography step, it was describe that the word of “Subahnale” refers to “Subhanallah” which means holy god Allah. It is a holy word said by Moeslems as a praise to Allah subhanahu wa ta’ala. (2) In the iconography as the second step, it was found that the meaning of Subahnale pattern did not only come from the naming but also from the pattern of the first Subahnale fabric and other development. (3) In the iconology interpretation as the last step, it was found the analysis result of Subahnale pattern and its development based on the philosophy of what is contained and seen. Generally, Subahnale pattern tells hown human should run their lives.
keyword : Iconography, Songket Fabric, Subahnale.