Homemade BIOPLASTICS (Biodegradable Plastic From Cassava Peel Waste) with Analysis of the Effect of Glycerol and Cellulose Ratio on Tensile Strength, Elongation, and Thickness
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jstundiksha.v12i1.51464Kata Kunci:
cassava peel waste, bioplastic, tensile strength, elongation, and thickness.Abstrak
The massive use of plastic as food and non-food packaging does not cause a few problems. The accumulation of plastic waste can cause environmental pollution, both water and soil pollution, because plastic will be damaged and decomposed within 300 to 500 years. For this reason, environmentally friendly plastics are needed for conventional plastics which of course have characteristics that are not far inferior to conventional plastics such as flexible, lightweight, not easy to break, waterproof, not corrosive. Bioplastic is a type of plastic that can be degraded so it is not harmful to the environment. This paper aims to see the effect of the ratio of glycerol and cellulose on tensile strength, elongation, and thickness of bioplastics using cassava peel waste. This research uses cassava peel as the basic material for making starch which is then given a mixture of glycerol and cellulose to be used as bioplastics. Tensile strength and elongation tests were carried out using the zwick/roell Universal Testing Machine (UTM). While the thickness uses Mitutoyo's Thickness Gauge. The results obtained are thin plastic sheets made using 5 grams of starch with a mixture of cellulose (0.4; 0.6; 0.8) grams and glycerol (100%, 150%, 200%) ml which have been tested for mechanical properties. The best mechanical properties of the tensile strength of bioplastics were indicated by the sample coded C2G2 with a concentration of 1.5 ml of glycerol and 0.8 gram of cellulose with an average tensile strength of 7.4808 (N/mm2), while the highest elongation was shown in the sample coded C3G3. with a concentration of 2.0 ml of glycerol and 0.8 grams of cellulose with an average sample elongation value of 6.2448%, while the highest thickness determined in the sample coded C2G2, a concentration of 1.5 ml of glycerol and 0.6 grams of cellulose with a value of the average thickness is 269,066 (µm).
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