Project-Based Learning on Science Process Skills and Learning Outcomes in High School Physics: A Quasi-Experimental Study on the Topic of Fluids
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jere.v8i4.83769Kata Kunci:
Project-Based Learning, Science Process Skills, Learning Outcomes, Fluids, High SchoolAbstrak
This research was motivated by the low science process skills (KPS) and student learning outcomes on the topic of fluids at the high school level. The main purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the implementation of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model on improving PPP and student learning outcomes. The type of research used is quasi-experiment, involving two groups, namely an experimental class that applies PjBL and a control class that uses direct learning methods. The study population was high school students with a randomly selected sample. Data were collected through objective tests and essays to measure KPS and student learning outcomes, then analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA). The results show that the implementation of PjBL has a significant positive impact on improving PPP and student learning outcomes compared to direct learning methods. The conclusion of this study is that the PjBL model is an effective pedagogical approach in improving students' science process skills and learning outcomes on fluid topics. The implications of this study show that PjBL can be a recommended learning strategy to improve the quality of science education in high school.
Referensi
Agustiani, E., Aminah, N. S., & Suryana, R. (2022). Analysis of Science Process Skills Based on Programme for International Student Assessment Test and Observation Instruments of Senior High Schools. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia, 18(1), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpfi.v18i1.29434.
Agyei, E. D., & Agyei, D. D. (2021). Enhancing Students’ Learning of Physics Concepts with Simulation as an Instructional ICT Tool. European Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Education, 2(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.30935/ejimed/11259.
Almasri, F. (2022). Simulations to teach science subjects: Connections among students’ engagement, self-confidence, satisfaction, and learning styles. Education and Information Technologies, 27(5), 7161–7181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-10940-w.
Ana, A. J., Suarti, S., Rasyid, R., & Mariani, S. (2022). The Effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Learning Model Based on Simulation Media on the Motivation and Learning Outcomes of Students in Physics Learning. Journal of Teaching and Learning Physics, 7(2), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.15575/jotalp.v7i2.17116.
Angelina, O. P., & Maryani, M. (2023). Implementation of stem project-based learning (pjbl) student worksheet through the “otok-otok” boat game on engineering thinking skills. Momentum: Physics Education Journal, 7(1), 116–124. https://doi.org/10.21067/mpej.v7i1.7238.
Anggrella, D. P., & Sudrajat, A. K. (2024). Development of an Integrated Project-Based Learning Module Based on Black Soybean Ethnoscience to Improve Students’ Science Process Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(6), 3038–3045. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i6.5855.
Aska, A., Rumahlatu, D., & Rehena, J. F. (2022). The Influence Of The Pjbl-Hots Learning Model On Learning Outcomes Cognitive And Metacognitive In Students at SMAN 5 Central Maluku. RUMPHIUS Pattimura Biological Journal, 4(2), 057–061. https://doi.org/10.30598/rumphiusv4i2p057-061.
, N., Khaeruddin, K., & Setiawan, T. (2024). Implementation of Project Based Learning on Students’ Learning Interest and Understanding of Physics Concepts. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Dan Teknologi, 10(1), 157–167. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2309/1/012086.
Bilgin, I., Karakuyu, Y., & Ay, Y. (2015). The effects of project based learning on undergraduate students’ achievement and self-efficacy beliefs towards science teaching. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, 11(3), 469–477. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2014.1015a.
Bogador, C. J., Camarao, M. K. G., Matunding, C. G., & Sombria, K. J. F. (2024). Challenges and benefits of inquiry-based learning in physics. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 5(7), 2716–2732. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.05.07.26.
Budiarto, M. K., Karsidi, R., & Rahman, A. (2024). E-Learning Platform for Enhancing 21st Century Skills for Vocational School Students: A Systematic Literature Review. Electronic Journal of E-Learning, 22(5), 76–90. https://doi.org/10.34190/ejel.22.5.3417.
Bundick, M. J., Quaglia, R. J., Corso, M. J., & Haywood, D. E. (2014). Promoting student engagement in the classroom. Teachers College Record, 116(4), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811411600411.
Chasani, M. N., & Sari, A. S. D. (2023). Implementation of Project Based Learning (PJBL) Model with the Assistance of Media E-Learning Chamilo to Improve Student’s Understanding of Physics Concepts. SAGA: Journal of Technology and Information System, 1(1), 5–8. https://doi.org/10.58905/saga.v1i1.12.
Cioc, C., Haughton, N., Cioc, S., & Napp, J. (2022). A Model for incorporating information literacy and collaboration in a project-based learning pedagogical exercise with application to a fluid mechanics course. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education, 50(4), 955–977. https://doi.org/10.1177/03064190221081450.
Darmaji, D., Kurniawan, D. A., Astalini, A., Winda, F. R., Heldalia, H., & Kartina, L. (2020). The Correlation Between Student Perceptions of the Use of E-Modules with Students’ Basic Science Process Skills. JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 9(4), 719–729. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v9i4.28310.
Darmaji, D., Kurniawan, D. A., & Suryani, A. (2019). Effectiveness of basic physics ii practicum guidelines based on science process skills. JIPF (Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Fisika), 4(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.26737/jipf.v4i1.693.
Darmawan, A. (2020). The Influence Of Project Based Learning-Stem Model on Student Learning OUTCOMES. Jurnal Pena Sains, 7(2), 113–119. https://doi.org/10.21107/jps.v7i2.6443.
Diana, N., Khaldun, I., & Nur, S. (2019). Improving Students’ Performance by Using Science Process Skills in The High School’s Physics Curriculum Grade X in Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian & Pengembangan Pendidikan Fisika, 5(1), 41–48. https://doi.org/10.21009/1.05105.
Domenici, V. (2022). STEAM Project-Based Learning Activities at the Science Museum as an Effective Training for Future Chemistry Teachers. Education Sciences, 12(1), 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12010030.
Enkin, E., Tytarenko, O., & Kirschling, E. (2021). Integrating and Assessing the Use of a “Makerspace” in a Russian Cultural Studies Course. CALICO Journal, 38(1), 103–127. https://doi.org/10.1558/cj.40926.
Febriya, D., Fauzi, A., & Desnita, D. (2023). The Effect of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) Learning Model on Cooperative Ability and Physics Learning Outcomes of Students at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Jambi City. Didaktika : Jurnal Kependidikan, 17(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.30863/didaktika.v17i2.5745.
Fitriani, N., Apsari, P. A. D., Hayati, S. H., Yulianti, S., Sukmawati, S., Wati, W., & Istiarini, Y. (2022). The Effect of Project Based Learning Model on High School Physics Learning. AMPLITUDO: Journal of Science and Technology Innovation, 1(1), 13–17. https://doi.org/10.56566/amplitudo.v1i1.3.
Google, A. N., Gardner, G., & Grinath, A. S. (2023). Undergraduate students’ approaches to learning biology: a systematic review of the literature. Studies in Science Education, 59(1), 25–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2021.2004005.
Halmaida, H., Mahzum, E., & Susanna, S. (2020). The Effort To Improve Critical Thinking SKILLS In Physics Learning Through Project Based Learning Model. Asian Journal of Science Education, 2(2), 93–98. https://doi.org/10.24815/ajse.v2i2.16976.
Hamidi, A., Akmala, R., & Wilujeng, I. (2024). Development of PBL Based E-Modules to Boost Students’ Science Process Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(2), 820–827. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i2.5939.
Hanifah, A., Sudibyo, E., & Budiyanto, M. (2023). Contextual-Based Physics Learning Through Experimental Method to Increase Learning Outcomes in Thermodynamics Material. Studies in Learning and Teaching, 4(2), 250–259. https://doi.org/10.46627/silet.v4i2.206.
Hidayah, M. U., Kuswanto, H., Jumadi, & Khotimah, K. (2024). Integration Review of Project Based Learning in Biology Education: A Systematic Literature Synthesis of Education Levels, Biology Subdisciplines, Research Methodologies and Learning Competencies. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i02.15652.
Hikmah, N., Febriya, D., Asrizal, A., & Mufit, F. (2023). Impact of the Project-Based Learning Model on Students’ Critical and Creative Thinking Skills in Science and Physics Learning: A Meta-Analysis. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(10), 892–902. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i10.4384.
Jia, L., Jalaludin, N. A., & Rasul, S. (2023). Design Thinking and Project-Based Learning (DT-PBL): A Review of the Literature. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 22(8), 376–390. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.8.20.
Kause, M. C., Sutarto, J., & Kustiono, K. (2022). Implementation of Web-Assisted Project Based Learning Model Learning to Improve Critical Thinking Skills and Science Process Skills. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 23(4), 1598–1609. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpmipa/v23i4.pp1598-1609.
Kolmos, A., Holgaard, J. E., & Clausen, N. R. (2021). Progression of student self-assessed learning outcomes in systemic PBL. European Journal of Engineering Education, 46(1), 67–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2020.1789070.
Lu, S. Y., Wu, C. L., & Huang, Y. M. (2022). Evaluation of Disabled STEAM -Students’ Education Learning Outcomes and Creativity under the UN Sustainable Development Goal: Project-Based Learning Oriented STEAM Curriculum with Micro:bit. Sustainability, 14(2), 679. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020679.
Maharani, B., & Yohandri. (2023). The Practicality and Effectiveness of the PjBL Model-Based Electronic Student Worksheets Assisted Science Lab Kits to Improve Science Process Skills in Students. Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran Fisika, 9(2), 137–147. https://doi.org/10.24036/jppf.v9i2.116884.
Makkonen, T., Tirri, K., & Lavonen, J. (2021). Engagement in Learning Physics Through Project-Based Learning: A Case Study of Gifted Finnish Upper-Secondary-Level Students. Journal of Advanced Academics, 32(4), 501–532. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932202X211018644.
Marlina, L., & Wiyono, K. (2023). Analysis of Physics E-LKPD Needs Based on Problem-Based Learning to Improve Students’ Critical Thinking Skills. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Dan Teknologi, 9(1), 177–184. https://doi.org/10.29303/jpft.v9i1.5093.
Maulidinah, M., & Ekasari, A. (2023). Application of E-Module to Identify Students’ Science Process Skills in the Practicum of Refraction on Prisms. Schrödinger: Journal of Physics Education, 4(2), 30–35. https://doi.org/10.37251/sjpe.v4i2.502.
Mills, K. A., & Brown, A. (2022). Immersive virtual reality (VR) for digital media making: transmediation is key. Learning, Media and Technology, 47(2), 179–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2021.1952428
Minarni, M., & Haryanto, H. (2023). Implementation of a Stem-Integrated PJBL Model to Improve Science Processes and Learning Outcomes. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 24(3), 640–645. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpmipa/v24i3.pp640-645.
Muchsin, M., & Mariati, M. (2020). Application of Project Based Learning Models in Improving Creative Thinking of Students at Physics Lessons in SMA Bandar Baru. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 3(2), 1453–1458. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i2.1008.
Mufida, S. N., Sigit, D. V, & Ristanto, R. H. (2020). Integrated project-based e-learning with science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (PjBeL-STEAM): its effect on science process skills. Biosfer, 13(2), 183–200. https://doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.v13n2.183-200.
Mulyani, S. (2020). Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Guna Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Di Masa Pandemi Covid 19. Navigation Physics: Journal of Physics Education, 2(2), 84–89. https://doi.org/10.30998/npjpe.v2i2.489.
Nehe, E. H. S., Gusnedi, G., Hufri, H., & Sari, S. Y. (2023). The Effect of Scaffolding-Based Worksheet in the Discovery Learning Model on Physics Learning Outcomes. Physics Learning and Education, 1(2), 100–107. https://doi.org/10.24036/ple.v1i2.51.
Novianto, E. (2023). Improving Students’ Science Process Skills through PjBL learning assisted by collaborative project LKPD. Reflection Journal, 3(2), 88–95. https://doi.org/10.36312/rj.v3i2.1849.
Ntobuo, N. E., Amali, L. M. K., Paramata, D. D., & Yunus, M. (2023). Effect of Implementing the Android-Based Jire Collaborative Learning Model on Momentum and Impulse Materials to Improve Student Learning Outcomes. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(2), 491–497. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i2.2924.
Paminto, J., Yulianto, A., & Linuwih, S. (2023). Development of PJBL-Based Physics Edu Media to Improve The 21st Century Learning Skills of High School Students. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia, 19(2), 180–192. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpfi.v19i2.44703.
Parmiti, D. P., Rediani, N. N., Antara, I. G. W. S., & Jayadiningrat, M. G. (2021). The effectiveness of local culture-integrated science learning through project-based assessment on scientific attitudes and science process skills of elementary school students. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 10(3), 439–446. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v10i3.31301.
Patil, M. S., & Kamerikar, U. A. (2020). Learning by doing through project based active learning technique. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 33(Special Issue), 125–129. https://doi.org/10.16920/jeet/2020/v33i0/150080.
Pohan, R. F., & Rambe, M. R. (2022). The Learning Outcomes’s Increasing Of Basic Engineering Mechanics Students Of Civil Engineering Study Program Through The Project Based Learning (PjBL) Model. International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS, 1(6), 1117–1124. https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v1i6.194.
Putri, A. P., Rachmadiarti, F., & Kuntjoro, S. (2023). Implementation of Project Based Learning (PjBL) Model with Differentiation Approach to Improve Critical Thinking Ability. International Journal of Current Educational Research, 2(2), 140–149. https://doi.org/10.53621/ijocer.v2i2.250.
Radiansyah, R., Sari, R., Jannah, F., Rahmaniah, N. F., Puspita, P. M., & Zefri, M. (2022). HOTS-Based PjBL Model Development to Increase Children’s Creativity in Elementary School. International Journal of Social Science And Human Research, 5(12), 5810–5816. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i12-64.
Roslina, R., Samsudin, A., & Liliawati, W. (2022). Effectiveness of project based learning integrated STEM in physics education (STEM-PJBL): Systematic literature review (SLR). Phenomenon: Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 12(1), 120–139. https://doi.org/10.21580/phen.2022.12.1.11722.
Rusmini, R., Suyono, S., & Agustini, R. (2021). Analysis of science process skills of chemical education students through self project based learning (SjBL) in the pandemic COVID 19 era. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 11(2), 371–387. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1288.
Santyasa, I. W., Rapi, N. K., & Sara, I. W. W. (2020). Project based learning and academic procrastination of students in learning physics. International Journal of Instruction, 13(1), 489–508. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.13132a.
Saritepeci, M. (2020). Developing computational thinking skills of high school students: Design-based learning activities and programming tasks. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 29(1), 35–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-019-00480-2.
Sembiring, N. A. E. B., & Jahro, I. S. (2024). Differences in Learning Outcomes and Science Process Skills of Students Learned with the Model Project Based Learning and Discovery Learning on Acid-Base Material. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan : Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pembelajaran, 9(2), 314–326. https://doi.org/10.33394/jtp.v9i2.11245.
Setiyadi, M. W., Sudiatmika, A. A. I. A. R., Suma, K., & Suardana, N. (2024). Meta-Analysis: The Effect of Project Based Learning on Science Process Skills. Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus, 10(1), 52–62. https://doi.org/10.36987/jpbn.v10i1.5227.
Subiyantoro, S. (2023). Exploring Teachers’ Perspectives on Their Role in Facilitating Project-Based Learning: A Comparative Study of Elementary, Middle, and High School. EDUKASIA: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 4(2), 2973–2980. https://doi.org/10.62775/edukasia.v4i2.825.
Suryawati, E., & Osman, K. (2018). Contextual Learning: Innovative Approach towards the Development of Students’ Scientific Attitude and Natural Science Performance. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(1), 61–76. https://doi.org/10.12973/ejmste/79329.
Syukri, M., Yanti, D. A., Mahzum, E., & Hamid, A. (2021). Development of a PjBL model learning program plan based on a stem approach to improve students’ science process skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 7(2), 269–274. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v7i2.680.
Tran, T. N. A., & Nguyen Ngoc, T. (2023). Mobile E-Portfolios on Google Sites: A Tool for Enhancing Project-Based Learning. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, 17(11), 15–33. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v17i11.39673.
Tuanany, N., Wael, S., & Tuaputty, H. (2023). Integration Of Project Based Learning (Pjbl) And Picture And Picture (Pap) Learning Models On Process Skills, Critical Thinking And Learning Outcomes Of Class X Ipa Students At SMA Muhamadiyah Masohi And SMA Negeri 15 Central Maluku. RUMPHIUS Pattimura Biological Journal, 5(1), 007–011. https://doi.org/10.30598/rumphiusv5i1p007-011.
Twahirwa, J. N., Ntivuguruzwa, C., Twizeyimana, E., & Shyiramunda, T. (2021). Effect of project-based learning: learners’ conceptualization and achievement in science education. African Journal of Educational Studies in Mathematics and Sciences, 17(1), 17–35. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajesms.v17i1.2.
Waluyo, E., & Nuraini, N. (2021). Development Of Instructional Design Project-Based Learning Model Integrated Science Process Skills To Improve Science Literacy. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains (Jps, 9(1), 104–112. https://doi.org/10.26714/jps.9.1.2021.104-112.
Wickert, C., Post, C., Doh, J. P., Prescott, J. E., & Prencipe, A. (2021). Management Research that Makes a Difference: Broadening the Meaning of Impact. Journal of Management Studies, 58(2), 297–320. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12666.
Widyaningsih, S. W., & Yusuf, I. (2020). Implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) Assisted by E-Learning through Lesson Study Activities to Improve the Quality of Learning in Physics Learning Planning Courses. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(1), 60–68. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n1p60.
Wulandari, T., & Nawangsari, N. A. F. (2024). Project-Based Learning in the Merdeka Curriculum in Terms of Primary School Students’ Learning Outcomes. EDUKASIA: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 5(2), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.62775/edukasia.v5i2.793.
Zhang, W., Guan, Y., & Hu, Z. (2024). The efficacy of project-based learning in enhancing computational thinking among students: A meta-analysis of 31 experiments and quasi-experiments. Education and Information Technologies, 29(1), 14513–14545. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-12392-2.
Zulyusri, Z., Elfira, I., Lufri, L., & Santosa, T. A. (2023). Literature Study: Utilization of the PjBL Model in Science Education to Improve Creativity and Critical Thinking Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(1), 133–143. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i1.2555.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2024 Luh Gede Sutaryani, Ni Made Pujani, I Nyoman Tika

Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with the Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (JERE) agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. (See The Effect of Open Access)