Studi Komputasi: Pengaruh Desain Guide Vane Terhadap Performa dan Pola Aliran di Sekitar Turbin Angin Savonius

Abstract

Turbin angin adalah salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi beban listrik di wilayah perkotaan. Di wilayah perkotaan terdapat gedung bertingkat dengan jumlah yang cukup banyak. Sehingga menjadi lokasi yang tepat untuk aplikasi turbin angin sekaligus mengurangi beban listrik. Tipe turbin yang tepat untuk aplikasi gedung bertingkat adalah turbin angin sumbu vertikal (VAWT). Salah satu jenis VAWT adalah turbin Savonius. Turbin angin Savonius konvensional memiliki kinerja yang rendah seperti koefisien daya dan torsi yang rendah dibandingkan dengan turbin angin jenis lain. Ini terjadi karena aliran angin dapat menyebabkan tekanan negatif pada salah satu sisi sudu. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, turbin angin Savonius konvensional dikombinasikan dengan guide vane. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh guide vane terhadap performa dan karakteristik pola aliran sekitar turbin angin Savonius. Model numerik dihitung menggunakan persamaan Navier-Stokes dengan model turbulen k-ε standar. Analisa  menggunakan software ANSYS-Fluent R15. Simulasi dilakukan pada arah angin yang berbeda, antara lain: 0^o, 30^o, 60^o pada kecepatan angin 2 m/s. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guide vane mampu menambah laju aliran udara yang menuju sudu turbin dan meningkatkan performa turbin angin Savonius sebesar 22,2%.

Kata kunci: CFD, guide vane, performa, pola aliran, turbin angin Savonius

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