PENGATURAN LINTAS PENERBANGAN NASIONAL BAGI PESAWAT UDARA ASING DI ATAS ALUR LAUT KEPULAUAN INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jkh.v5i2.18426Keywords:
lintas penerbangan, wilayah udara, Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia.Abstract
Hukum udara berkaitan dengan kegiatan lintas penerbangan pesawat udara asing utamanya diatur dalam Konvensi Chicago 1944 berikut Annex-annexnya. Hukum udara berkembang melalui praktek negara-negara, atau hasil kesepakatan negara-negara yang dituangkan dalam bentuk perjanjian internasional. Dengan berlakunya United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea III (UNCLOS III)-1982, terdapat beberapa pasal yang mengatur lintas penerbangan pesawat udara asing melalui rute penerbangan di atas alur laut kepulauan. Beberapa ketentuan dalam UNCLOS-1982menunjukkan adanya “progresive development” bagi hukum internasional yang berkaitan dengan rejim ruang udara, karena kegiatan lintas penerbangan pesawat udara mendapatkan pengaturan dalam hukum laut. Indonesia adalah salah satu negara kepulauan telah menjadi pihak pada UNCLOS 1982sejak tahun 1986. Indonesia adalah salah satu Negara pihak pada Konvensi Chicago 1944. Sebagai implementasi dari kedaulatan negara di ruang udara melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2009 tentang Penerbangan dan kedaulatan negara Indonesia atas wilayah udara, yang menyatakan bahwa Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia berdaulat penuh dan eksklusif atas wilayah udara Republik Indonesia. Status Indonesia sebagai Negara kepulauansesuai yang tertuang dalam UNCLOS 1982, maka Indonesia mempunyai kewenangan menentapkan alur laut kepulauan dan mengatur pelaksanaan lintas penerbangan pesawat udara asing melalui wilayah udara Negara Indonesia.
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- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).