URGENSI PEMBATASAN HAK EKSKLUSIF PATEN COVID-19 MELALUI PENERAPAN LISENSI WAJIB DI INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jkh.v6i2.28096Keywords:
Pembatasan, Paten, Lisensi WajibAbstract
Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis urgensi pembatasan hak eksklusif Paten covid-19 melalui penerapan lisensi wajib di Indonesia. Untuk menganalisis hal tersebut, digunakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan didukung baik bahan hukum primer maupun sekunder. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paten sebagai salah satu rezim HKI melekat hak ekslusif yang diberikan negara, namun demikian bukan bersifat tanpa batas. Salah satu wujud pembatasan hak eksklusif paten adalah aturan mengenai lisensi wajib (compulsory license). Lisensi wajib paten Covid-19 telah dibolehkan menurut Konvensi Paris, TRIPs, maupun UU Paten. Alasan pentingnya lisensi wajib paten Covid 19 adalah untuk mencegah penyalahgunaan hak pemegang paten yang merugikan masyarakat, memenuhi kebutuhan mendesak suatu negara atau situasi dan kondisi ekstrem lainnya atau kepentingan masyarakat (dalam hal ini untuk kepentingan kesehatan masyarakat). Penerapan lisensi wajib paten yang disebabkan karena konflik-konflik kepentingan (conflicts of interest) terutama dari aspek politik dan ekonomi. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan adanya disharmoni dalam penyelenggaraan kebijakan publik pada umumnya dan lisensi wajib paten pada khususnya, yang acapkali mengorbankan kemaslahatan.
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- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).