PERBANDINGAN ASAS IKTIKAD BAIK: DALAM PERJANJIAN MENURUT SISTEM HUKUM CIVIL LAW (EROPA CONTINENTAL) DAN COMMON LAW (ANGLOSAXON)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jkh.v2i2.8409Abstract
Prinsip iktikad baik ini mengandung makna berbeda-beda di antara sistem hukum. Pengertian dan pemahaman iktikad baik tampak berbeda khusunya di antara sistem hukum common law dan civil law. Menurut subekti, esensi (prinsip) ini merupakan salah satu sendi yang terpenting dalam hukum perjanjian. Iktikad baik tampak berbeda khususnya di antara sistem hukum common law dan sistem hukum civil law. Sekilas mengenai perbedaan antara civil law (Eropa Continental) dengan common law (Anglosaxon) dapat dilihat dari segi perkembangan keduanya. Perkembangan sistem civil law diilhami oleh para ahli hukum dalam menentukan atau membuat peraturan hukum secara sistematis dan utuh. Sedangkan perkembangan sistem common law terletak pada putusan-putusan hakim, yang bukan hanya menerapkan hukum tetapi juga menetapkan hukum.
Dalam sistem hukum common law arti iktikad baik tidak lain adalah “kejujuran” dalam perilaku atau kejujuran dalam bertransaksi dagang, termasuk di dalamnya adalah kejujuran dalam fakta dan penghormatan terhadap standar-standar dagang yang wajar dan transaksi dagang yang jujur. Sedangkan dalam civil law, iktikad baik itu diartikan, bahwa iktikad baik adalah suatu tindakan atau prilaku yang diharapkan dari seorang yang terhormat atau jujur yang diminta dalam setiap bentuk transaksi. Iktikad baik tersebut tidak hanya mengacu kepada iktikad baik para pihak, tetapi harus pula mengacu kepada nilai-nilai yang berkembang dalam masyarakat.
Kata kunci : Prinsip itikad baik, comman law, civil law
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Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication, with the work [SPECIFY PERIOD OF TIME] after publication simultaneously licensed under aCreative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).