The Impact of Academic Supervision on Teacher Pedagogical Competence and Teacher Performance: The Role Moderating by Teacher Efficacy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v5i3.34072Keywords:
Supervision, Pedagogic Competence, Performance, Self-EfficacyAbstract
The success of the performance shown by the teacher is influenced by the surrounding environment, one of which is the role of the principal as a school supervisor. In addition, the quality of teacher performance can also be caused by the teacher's self-efficacy. This study aims to determine the effect of academic supervision on pedagogic competence and performance moderated by teacher efficacy. This research is a quantitative research that aims to determine the causal relationship between variables. The population in this study were all elementary school teachers with a sample involving 100 teachers who were selected by simple random sampling technique. Data collection in this study used a questionnaire distributed through the Google Form. The data collected was then analyzed by researchers assisted by the Smart PLS application. The results show that academic supervision has an effect on pedagogic competence with t-count >t-table (4.790> 1.984) and a P value < 5% (0.000 <0.05), academic supervision has an effect on teacher performance with t-count > t-table (4.344> 1.984) and a P value < 5% (0.000 <0.05), Efficacy was not able to moderate the effect of academic supervision on pedagogic competence with t-count < t-table (0.946 <1.984) and P value > 5% alpha standard (0.345> 0.05). Self-efficacy is able to moderate the effect of academic supervision on teacher performance with t-count > t-table (3.165> 1.984) and a P value < 5% (0.032 <0.05). Testing the moderating effect shows that efficacy is able to moderate the effect of supervision on teacher performance, while the pedagogical competence shows that efficacy has not been able to provide a significant moderating effect on pedagogic competence.
References
Al-rahmi, W. M. (2013). The Impact of Social Media Use on Academic Performance among University Students : A Pilot Study. Journal of Information Systems Research and Innovation, 4(12), 1–10. http://seminar.utmspace.edu.my/jisri/.
Andriani, S., Kesumawati, N., & Kristiawan, M. (2018). The Influence of the Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation on Teachers Performance. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 7(7), 19–29.
Arman, Thalib, S. B., & Manda, D. (2016). The Effect of School Supervisors Competence and School Principals Competence on Work Motivation and Performance of Junior High School Teachers in Maros Regency, Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(15), 7309–7317. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/97978208.pdf .
Aswinda, A., Siraj, A., & Saprin, S. (2019). Effect of Principal Supervision on Teacher Pedagogic Competencies. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi Publik, 9(1), 95–100. https://doi.org/10.26858/jiap.v9i1.9331.
Bafadal, I., Supriyanto, A., & Arifin, I. (2019). Artistic Supervision Model Development for Improved Pedagogic Competence of Primary School Teachers. Elementary Education Online, 18(3), 1260–1286. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2019.612140.
Barni, D., Danioni, F., & Benevene, P. (2019). Teachers’ Self-Efficacy: The Role of Personal Values and Motivations for Teaching. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1645. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01645.
Bowe, R., Ball, S. J., & Gold, A. (2017). Reforming Education and Changing Schools: Case Studies in Policy Sociology. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315412122.
Carter, S., & Abawi, L.-A. (2018). Leadership, Inclusion, and Quality Education for All. Australasian Journal of Special and Inclusive Education, 42(01). https://doi.org/10.1017/jsi.2018.5.
Cherian, J., & Jacob, J. (2013). Impact of Self Efficacy on Motivation and Performance of Employees. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(14), 80. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v8n14p80.
Darling-Hammond, L., Hyer, M. E., & Gardner, M. (2017). Effective Teacher Professional Development. Learning Policy Institute.
Erpidawati, E., Gistituati, N., Marsidin, S., & Yahya, Y. (2019). The Development of the Academic Supervision Model Basic School Supervisor. 1st International Conference on Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2018), 19–22. https://doi.org/10.2991/icoie-18.2019.5.
Fauzan, A. (2020). The Effect of Academic Supervision, School Leadership, Organizational Culture, and Achievement Motivation on Teachers’ Performance at Junior High Schools. 2nd International Conference Innovation in Education (ICoIE 2020), 177–180. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.214.
Gervais, J. (2016). The Operational Definition of Competency-Based Education. The Journal of Competency-Based Education, 1(2), 98–106. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbe2.1011.
Gess-Newsome, J., Taylor, J. A., Carlson, J., Gardner, A. L., Wilson, C. D., & Stuhlsatz, M. A. M. (2019). Teacher Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Practice, and Student Achievement. International Journal of Science Education, 41(7), 944–963. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2016.1265158.
Ghozali, I. (2013). Multivariate Analysis Application with IBM and SPSS Programs. Diponegoro University Publishing Agency.
Habibullah, A. (2012). Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru [Teacher’s Pedagogic Competence]. EDUKASI: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Agama dan Keagamaan, 10(03), 169. https://doi.org/10.32729/edukasi.v10i3.169.
Hanley, T., Winter, L. A., & Burrell, K. (2020). Supporting Emotional Well-Being in Schools in the Context of Austerity: An Ecologically Informed Humanistic Perspective. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 90(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12275.
Holzberger, D., Philipp, A., & Kunter, M. (2013). How Teachers’ Self-Efficacy is Related to Instructional Quality: A Longitudinal Analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 105(3), 774. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032198.
Hoppey, D., & McLeskey, J. (2013). A Case Study of Principal Leadership in an Effective Inclusive School. Journal of Special Education, 46(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/0022466910390507.
Hoque, K. E., Bt Kenayathulla, H. B., Subramaniam, M. V., & Islam, R. (2020). Relationships Between Supervision and Teachers’ Performance and Attitude in Secondary Schools in Malaysia. SAGE Open, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020925501.
Hughes, G. D. (2012). Teacher Retention: Teacher Characteristics, School Characteristics, Organizational Characteristics, and Teacher Efficacy. Journal of Educational Research, 105(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.2011.584922.
Irvine, A., Lupart, J., Loreman, T., & McGhie-Richmond, D. (2010). Educational Leadership to Create Authentic Inclusive Schools: The Experiences of Principals in a Canadian Rural School District. Exceptionality Education International, 20(2). https://doi.org/10.5206/eei.v20i2.7664.
Istiningsih, A., Mawardi, M., & Intan Permata, H. K. (2019). Peningkatan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Mind Mapping. Edukasi: Jurnal Penelitian dan Artikel Pendidikan, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.31603/edukasi.v11i1.2676.
Istiningsih, E., Suyatno, & Widodo. (2020). Academic Supervision to Improve Teachers’ Readiness in Utilizing Information and Communication Technology in Vocational High Schools. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(10), 4365–4373. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.081002.
Jyoti, J., & Sharma, P. (2017). Empirical Investigation of a Moderating and Mediating Variable in Between Mentoring and Job Performance: A Structural Model. Revista de Psicología Del Trabajo y de Las Organizaciones, 33(1), 55–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpto.2017.01.002.
Keller, M. M., Neumann, K., & Fischer, H. E. (2017). The Impact of Physics Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge and Motivation on Students’ Achievement and Interest. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 54(5), 586–614. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.21378.
Khanshan, S. K., & Yousefi, M. H. (2020). The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Instructional Practice of In-Service Soft Disciplines, Hard Disciplines, and EFL Teachers. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 5(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-020-0080-8.
Kurt, H., Güngör, F., & Ekici, G. (2014). The Relationship among Teacher Efficacy, Efficacy Regarding Teaching, and Responsibility for Student Achievement. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 802–807. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.301.
Lee, M. H., & Tsai, C. C. (2010). Exploring Teachers’ Perceived Self Efficacy and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge with Respect to Educational Use of the World Wide Web. Instructional Science, 38(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-008-9075-4.
Letarte, M. J., Normandeau, S., & Allard, J. (2010). Effectiveness of a Parent Training Program “Incredible Years” in a Child Protection Service. Child Abuse and Neglect, 34(4), 253–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.06.003.
Lubguban, M. G. B. (2020). Leadership Proficiency and Emotional Competence of Women School Administrators. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(11). https://doi.org/10.31838/jcr.07.11.47.
Mazzetti, G., Paolucci, A., Guglielmi, D., & Vannini, I. (2020). The Impact of Learning Strategies and Future Orientation on Academic Success: The Moderating Role of Academic Self-Efficacy among Italian Undergraduate Students. Education Sciences, 10(5), 135. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10050134.
Mcdougall, G., & Kang, J. (2003). Memory Self-Efficacy and Memory Performance in Older Males. International Journal of Men’s Health, 2(2), 131. https://doi.org/10.3149/jmh.0202.131.
McGeown, V. (1979). School Innovativeness as Process and Product. British Educational Research Journal, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/0141192790050208.
Memah, M. M., Lengkong, J. S. ., & Krowin, M. (2019). The Effect of Academic Supervision and Teacher Participation in Teacher Work Group to Teachers Performance Catholic Religion Education on North Sulawesi Province - Indonesia. Journal of Education and Practice, 10(15).
Mujiono, H. (2020). Supervisi Akademik Meningkatkan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen Pendidikan, 4(2), 113–121. https://doi.org/10.26740/jdmp.v4n2.p113-121.
Óskarsdóttir, E., Donnelly, V., Turner-Cmuchal, M., & Florian, L. (2020). Inclusive School Leaders – Their Role in Raising the Achievement of All Learners. Journal of Educational Administration, 58(5). https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-10-2019-0190.
Porniadi, F., Kardoyo, K., & Yanto, H. (2019). The Pedagogical Competence Predict from Academic Supervision, Kompentation and Work Motivation. Educational Management, 8(1), 80–87. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/eduman/article/view/26603.
Rathel, J. M., Drasgow, E., & Christle, C. C. (2008). Effects of Supervisor Performance Feedback on Increasing Preservice Teachers’ Positive Communication Behaviors with Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 16(2), 67–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/1063426607312537.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational Behavior (15th ed.). Pearson Education Inc.
Rodríguez, S., Regueiro, B., Blas, R., Valle, A., Piñeiro, I., & Cerezo, R. (2015). Teacher Self-Efficacy and Its Relationship with Students’ Affective and Motivational Variables in Higher Education. European Journal of Education and Psychology, 7(2), 107–120. https://doi.org/10.30552/ejep.v7i2.106.
Saleh, S., Arhas, S. H., Haerul, H., & Nasaruddin, N. (2019). Utilization of Learning Media in Digital Simulation Subjects. Jurnal Office, 4(2), 79–90. https://doi.org/10.26858/jo.v4i2.9806.
Saleh, S., & Arhas, S. (2019). The Effect of School Head Academic Supervision on Pedagogic Capability of Basic School Teachers in Manggala District Kota Makassar. In International Conference on Social Science 2019 (ICSS 2019), 84–86. https://doi.org/10.2991/icss-19.2019.233.
Santrock. (2012). Life Span Development (13th ed.). Erlangga.
Sikki, E. A. A., Rahman, A., Hamra, A., & Noni, N. (2013). The Competence of Primary School English Teachers in Indonesia. Journal of Education and Practice, 4(11), 139–145. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234634396.pdf.
Suciu, A. I., & Mata, L. (2011). Pedagogical Competences – The Key to Efficient Education. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 3(2), 411–423. https://www.acarindex.com/dosyalar/makale/acarindex-1423904375.pdf.
Sudarjat, J., Abdullah, T., & Sunaryo, W. (2015). Supervision, Leadership, and Working Motivation to Teachers’ Performance. International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research (IJMSR), 3(6), 146–152. https://repository.unpak.ac.id/tukangna/repo/file/files-20210118101022.pdf.
Toropova, A., Myrberg, E., & Johansson, S. (2021). Teacher Job Satisfaction: The Importance of School Working Conditions and Teacher Characteristics. Educational Review, 73(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2019.1705247.
Valdivieso, P. (2020). School Leaders and Inclusive Education in Peru: A Case Study of Principal Leadership in an Effective Inclusive School. International Journal of Innovative Business Strategies, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.20533/ijibs.2046.3626.2020.0058.
Velasco, I., Edmonson, S., & Slate, J. R. (2012). Principal Leadership Behaviors and School Climate: A Conceptual Analysis. Journal of Education Research, 6(3).
Veloo, A., Komuji, M. M. A., & Khalid, R. (2013). The Effects of Clinical Supervision on the Teaching Performance of Secondary School Teachers. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93(2002), 35–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.09.148.
Wahyuddin, W. (2017). Headmaster Leadership and Teacher Competence in Increasing Student Achievement in School. International Education Studies, 10(3), 215. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v10n3p215.
Wahyuni, D., & Setiyani, R. (2017). Pengaruh Persepsi Profesi Guru, Lingkungan Keluarga, Efikasi Diri terhadap Minat Menjadi Guru. Economic Education Analysis Journal, 6(3)(3), 669–683. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/eeaj/article/view/20279.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 International Journal of Elementary Education
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with the International Journal of Elementary Education agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. (See The Effect of Open Access)