Various English Literacy Activities in Bilingual Primary School

Authors

  • Putu Indah Puspitasari Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
  • N.N. Padmadewi Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
  • L.P.E.S. Dewi Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v5i1.31550

Keywords:

English literacy activity, implementation, primary school

Abstract

The results of Program of International Student Assessment show that the literacy skills of Indonesian students was in the low level. This study aims to investigate English literacy activities in elementary schools. This research is a qualitative research with a case study method. There were three English teachers who teach on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd grade assigned as the subjects of this study.  Data were collected using a questionnaire, interview guide, and checklist. The data collection procedure was carried out by distributing questionnaires, conducting interviews, and conducting classroom observations. Data were analyzed using data analysis methods from Cresswell which consisted of data organization, coding, description and developing themes, reporting findings, interpreting, and validating data. The results of this study indicate that there are eight literacy activities, namely Directed Reading-Thinking Activity, guided reading, reading with multimedia assistance, thinking aloud, reading aloud, dictating, recognizing letters, and writing. This study provides a description about English literacy activities in Primary School conducted by teachers. Therefore, a suggestion is directed to English teachers to teach literacy to students since the early age as literacy is an important basis for students’ future learning.

Author Biography

Putu Indah Puspitasari, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

English Language Education, Post-Graduate Program

References

Abdul Samat, M. S., & Abdul Aziz, A. (2020). The Effectiveness of Multimedia Learning in Enhancing Reading Comprehension Among Indigenous Pupils. Arab World English Journal, 11(2), 290–302. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol11no2.20.

Acosta-Tello, E. (2019). Reading aloud: engaging young children during a read aloud experience. Research in Higher Education Journal, 37, 1–7.

Aitken, J., Villers, H., & Gaffney, J. S. (2018). Guided reading: Being mindful of the reading processing of new entrants in Aotearoa New Zealand primary schools. Teaching and Learning, 25–33. https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/english/literacy/readingviewing/Pages/teachingpracguided.aspx.

Al-Qahtani, A. A. (2020). Investigating Metacognitive Think-Aloud Strategy in Improving Saudi EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension and Attitudes. English Language Teaching, 13(9), 50. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v13n9p50.

Ali, E., Kaitlyn M, C., Hussain, A., & Akhtar, Z. (2018). the Effects of Play-Based Learning on Early Childhood Education and Development. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 7(43), 4682–4685. https://doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2018/1044.

Alzu’bi, M. (2019). The Impact of Think-Aloud on EFL Students’ Reading Comprehension. Folio 19.

Arcon, N., Klein, P. D., & Dombroski, J. D. (2017). Effects of Dictation , Speech to Text , and Handwriting on the Written Composition of Elementary School English Language Learners Language Learners. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 33(6), 533–548. https://doi.org/10.1080/10573569.2016.1253513.

Ardhian, T., Ummah, I., Anafiah, S., & Rachmadtullah, R. (2020). Reading and critical thinking techniques on understanding reading skills for early grade students in elementary school. International Journal of Instruction, 13(2), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.1328a.

Arisandi, K. W. H., Padmadewi, N. N., & Artini, L. P. (2018). Literacy and reward : teachers ’ effort to build children reading habit. SHS Web of Conferences, 00018, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184200018.

Arnold, W., & Malcolm, F. (2018). Writing and young learners. Teaching English _ British Council _ BBC. https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/writing-young-learners.

Artini, L. P. (2017). Rich Language Learning Environment And Young Learners ’ Literacy Skills In English. Lingua Cultura, 11(May), 19–24. https://doi.org/10.21512/lc.v11i1.1587.

August, D., & Shanahan, T. (2010). Literacy Research. Journal of Literacy Research. https://doi.org/10.1080/1086296X.2010.503745.

Ayu, M., Diem, C. D., & Vianty, M. (2017). Secondary School Students ’ English Literacy : Use of Interactive Read Aloud Instructional Strategy. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature, 292–299.

Brown, C. A., Danvers, K., & Doran, D. T. (2016). Student perceptions on using guided reading questions to motivate student reading in the flipped classroom. Accounting Education, 25(3), 256–271. https://doi.org/10.1080/09639284.2016.1165124.

Cetin, Ö. Ş., Gulhan, M., & Katranci, M. (2018). A Study on the Effect of Pre-School Education on Early Literacy Skills. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 10(5), 201–221.

Chaaya, D., & Ghosn, I. K. (2010). Supporting young second language learners’ reading through guided reading and strategy instruction in a second grade classroom in Lebanon. Educational Research and Reviews, 5(6), 329–337.

Chaemsai, R., & Rattanavich, S. (2016). The Directed Reading-Thinking Activity (DR-TA) and the Traditional Approach Using Tales of Virtue based on His Majesty the King’s Teaching Concepts in Seventh Grade Students’ Reading Comprehension. English Language Teaching. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v9n9p18.

Christ, T., Wang, X. C., & Chiu, M. M. (2010). Using story dictation to support young children ’ s vocabulary development : Outcomes and process. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 26(January). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2010.06.002.

Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (4th ed.). Pearson.

Daud, Z., Kazi, A. S., & Kalsoom, T. (2019). Vocabulary Building through Read-Aloud Strategy of Primary Level Students in Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Distance & Online Learning, 5(II), 247–264.

Dewi, I. A. M., Padmadewi, N. ., & Artini, L. . (2018). Primary Literacy Program : Integrating Reading and Writing in The Classroom. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 173(May). https://doi.org/10.2991/icei-17.2018.38.

Erliana, S. (2011). Improving reading comprehension through directed reading-thinking activity (DRTA) strategy. Journal on English as a Foreign Language, 1(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.23971/jefl.v1i1.36.

Friedland, A., Gilman, M., Johnson, M., & Demeke, A. (2017). Does Reading-While-Listening Enhance Students’ Reading Fluency? Preliminary Results from School Experiments in Rural Uganda. Journal of Education and Practice, 8(7), 82–95.

Gozcu, E., & Caganaga, C. K. (2016). The importance of using games in EFL classrooms. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 11(3), 126. https://doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v11i3.625.

Gültekİn, M., & Guvey Aktay, E. (2014). Dictation Activities in Reading and Writing Instruction. Inonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 15(2), 19–22. https://doi.org/10.17679/iuefd.43574.

Hanke, V. (2014). Guided reading: Young pupils’ perspectives on classroom practice. Literacy, 48(3), 136–143. https://doi.org/10.1111/lit.12019.

Harmer, J. (2007). How to Teach English (2nd ed.). Pearson.

Harosid, H. (2017). Kurikulum 2013 Revisi 2017. https://dosen.ikipsiliwangi.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2018/09/Gambaran-Umum-K13-Revisi-2017.pdf.

Harris, K. I., Kinley, H. L., & Cook, A. (2015). Promoting Alphabet Knowledge Using Peer-Mediated Intervention: A Dynamic Duo for Early Literacy Development. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096250615586027.

Hatzigianni, M. (2014). “I Like Computers but My Favourite Is Playing outside with My Friends”: Young Children’s Beliefs about Computers. International Research in Early Childhood Education, 5(1), 83–102. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1151023&site=ehost-live NS -.

Heston, K., & Lelunann, J. (2010). The Effects of Guided Reading Instruction on Students’ Fluency, Accuracy, and Comprehension at Woodview Elementary School.

Hill, S. (2011). Early Literacy. In Family and Community Engagement Research Compedium (pp. 9–33). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0573-9_5.

Jackson, V. (2016). Applying the think-aloud strategy to improve reading comprehension of science content. Current Issues in Education, 19(2), 1–35.

Jensen, L. (2001). Planning Lessons. In M. Celce-Murcia (Ed.), Teaching English as a second or foreign language (3rd ed., p. 401). Thomson Learning. https://doi.org/10.5958/2249-7137.2017.00044.1.

Johnson, M. M. (2013). The Relationship Between Spelling Ability And Reading Fluency And Comprehension In Elementary Students. Northern Michigan University.

Johnston, V. (2015). The power of the read aloud in the age of the common core. Open Communication Journal, 9, 34–38. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874916X01509010034.

Junaid, A. (2017). The Effectiveness of Reading Aloud to Improve the Students ’ Vocabulary Mastery at the Second Grade of SMPN 3 Parangloe Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar.

Kamarulzaman, W. binti. (2015). Affect of Play on Critical Thinking: What are the Perceptions of Preservice Teachers. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 5(12), 1024–1029. https://doi.org/10.7763/ijssh.2015.v5.598.

Khalidiyah, H. (2015). The Use of Animated Video in Improving Students’ Reading Skill (A Quasi-Experimental Study of Seventh Grade Student at A Junior High School in Jalancagak, Subang). Journal of English and Education, 3(1), 1–21.

Language and Literacy in the Foundation Stage. (2014). In Early Years Literacy Interboard Group Publication.

Lin, L. C. (2014). Learning word meanings from teachers’ repeated story read-aloud in EFL primary classrooms. English Language Teaching, 7(7), 68–81. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v7n7p68.

Love, A., Burns, S., & Buell, M. J. (2007). Writing Empowering Literacy. National Association for the Education of Young Children.

Maisarah, S. (2018). Using Direct Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) to teach reading comprehension for eleventh grade students. 1(2). https://www.uam.es/gruposinv/meva/publicaciones jesus/capitulos_espanyol_jesus/2005_motivacion para el aprendizaje Perspectiva alumnos.pdf%0Ahttps://www.researchgate.net/profile/Juan_Aparicio7/publication/253571379_Los_estudios_sobre_el_cambio_conceptual_.

Makumbila, M. P., & Rowland, C. B. (2016). Improving South African third graders’ reading skills: Lessons learnt from the use of Guided Reading approach. South African Journal of Childhood Education, 1–8. http:// dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajce. v6i1.367.

McGrail, E., Rieger, A., & Doepker, G. (2017). Pre-Service Teachers’ Perceptions about the Effectiveness of the TOON Comic Books in Their Guided Reading Instruction. Georgia Educational Researcher, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.20429/ger.2017.140101.

Montoya, S. (2018). Defining literacy : UNESCO (Issue October).

Muhaimin, A. (2019). The use of reading aloud strategy to improve students’ fluency and pronunciation accuracy in reading skills of the eight grade at MTs NU Aswaja Tenggaran.

Muhajang, T., & Pangestika, M. D. (2018). Pengaruh Literasi Informasi Terhadap Efektivitas Belajar Siswa. Pedagonal : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 2(2), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.33751/pedagog.v2i2.849.

Nesari, A. J., & Heidari, M. (2014). The Important Role of Lesson Plan on Educational Achievement of Iranian EFL Teachers’ Attitudes. International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, 2(5), 25–31. http://jfl.iaun.ac.ir/article_10884_43a5ff2bb7fbd6998f091eb726f80104.pdf.

Ness, M., & Kenny, M. (2016). Improving the Quality of Think-Alouds. Reading Teacher, 69(4), 453–460. https://doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1397.

OECD. (2018). Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Result from PISA 2018. In OECD. http://www.oecd.org/pisa/ Data.

Omar, A. (2016). Read-Aloud Technique to Enhance Pre-School Children’s Vocabulary in a Rural School in Malaysia. International Journal of Early Childhood Education and Care, 5(2001), 17–27.

Ortlieb, E., & Norris, M. (2012). Using the think-aloud strategy to bolster reading comprehension of science concepts. Current Issues in Education, 15(1), 1–10.

Oueini, H., Bahous, R., & Nabhani, M. (2008). Impact of Read-Aloud in the Classroom: a Case Study. The Reading Matrix, 8(1), 19.

Padmadewi, N. N., & Artini, L. P. (2018). Literasi di Sekolah: Dari Teori ke Praktik (N. Prasada (ed.)). Penerbit Nilacakra.

Padmadewi, N. N., Artini, L. P., Budiarta, L. G. ., & Apriliadewi, P. A. R. (2020). Primary Literacy Activities in Basic Education in Bali: Describing Implication on Children Reading and Writing in EFL. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 394(ICIRAD 2019), 184–189. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200115.030.

Padmadewi, N. N., Artini, L. P., & Nitiasih, P. K. (2018). Techniques for Building Character and Literacy for 21st Century Education. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 173(May), 250–253. https://doi.org/10.2991/icei-17.2018.65.

Pérez-Ferra, M., Quijano-López, R., & García-Martínez, I. (2020). Impact of educational habits on the learning of 3-6 year old children from the perspective of early childhood education teachers. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114388.

Piasta, S. B., & Wagner, R. K. (2010). Developing Early Literacy Skills: A Meta-Analysis of Alphabet Learning and Instruction. Read Res Q, 45(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1598/RRQ.45.1.2.Developing.

Ratri, Y. (2015). Student factor influencing Indonesian student reading literacy based on PIRLS data 2011. Journal of Education, 8(1).

Rittner, M. A. (2018). Impact of Literacy on Student Readiness in Math and Science Classroom.

Rockets, R. (2019). Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA). Reading Rockets. https://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/drta.

Rusu, C., Wallace, R. ‘Dickie,’ Costea, V., Coman, M., Pop, A. S. and C., & Navsaria, D. (2017). Attitudes and practices of pre-reading and early childhood literacy promotion among family physicians in Romania. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 0(0), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468798417728402.

Setiartin, T. (2018). Increasing Ability to Understand Fairy Tale Through Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) Strategy. Cakrawala Linguista, 1(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.26737/cling.v1i1.491.

Silverman, R., Kim, Y. S., Hartranft, A., Nunn, S., & McNeish, D. (2017). Effects of a multimedia enhanced reading buddies program on kindergarten and Grade 4 vocabulary and comprehension. Journal of Educational Research, 110(4), 391–404. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.2015.1103690.

Theobald, M., Danby, S., Einarsdóttir, J., Bourne, J., Jones, D., Ross, S., Knaggs, H., & Carter-Jones, C. (2015). Children’s perspectives of play and learning for educational practice. Education Sciences, 5(4), 345–362. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci5040345.

Wahyuni, N. S. (2014). The Effect of Using Dictation Technique on Students’ Writing Ability at SMP Karya Bhakti Kasiyan in the 2013/2014 Academic Year.

Wiedarti, P., Kisyani-Laksono, Retnaningdyah, P., Dewayani, S., Muldian, W., Sufyadi, Susanti, Roosaria, D. R., Faizah, D. D. U., Sulastri, Rahmawan, N., Rahayu, E. S., Yusuf, R. A., & Antoro, B. (2018). Desain Induk Gerakan Literasi Sekolah (P. Wiedarti & Kisyani-Laksono (eds.); 2nd ed.). Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.

Young, C. (2018). Increased frequency and planning: A more effective approach to guided reading in Grade 2. Journal of Educational Research, 112(1), 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.2018.1451814.

Zhou, N., & Yadav, A. (2017). Effects of multimedia story reading and questioning on preschoolers’ vocabulary learning, story comprehension and reading engagement. Educational Technology Research and Development, 65(6), 1523–1545. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-017-9533-2.

Downloads

Published

2021-04-26

How to Cite

Puspitasari, P. I., Padmadewi, N., & Dewi, L. (2021). Various English Literacy Activities in Bilingual Primary School. International Journal of Elementary Education, 5(1), 48–59. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v5i1.31550

Issue

Section

Article