Positive Discipline and Class Agreements: An Effective Approach to Enhancing Character and Moral Values in Elementary School Students

Prihatiningsih; Enok Maryani; Rusdiono Muryanto

doi:10.23887/ivcej.v7i2.80342

Authors

Prihatiningsih Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
Enok Maryani Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
Rusdiono Muryanto Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23887/ivcej.v7i2.80342

Keywords:

Positive Discipline, Class Agreement, Values, Morals, Elementary School

Abstract

The development of moral values in fifth-grade elementary school students requires a positive discipline approach to enhance their discipline and moral attitudes. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing positive discipline through class agreements in the development of students' moral values. The research method employed is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The sample consists of 26 fifth-grade students from class V-A, with data collection techniques including observation and interviews. Data analysis was carried out using the Miles and Huberman method, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that 44% of students believe that class agreements play a role in shaping the moral value of discipline, 54% of students consider the consequences applied in the class agreements to be moderate, 50% of students did not repeat the same violations, and 88% of students feel that class agreements influenced changes in their moral values or attitudes. These findings are supported by observation results conducted at various stages of implementing class agreements, from identification to follow-up. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the implementation of class agreements is effective in influencing the development of moral values in fifth-grade elementary school students.

References

Ade‐Ojo, G. O., Markowski, M., Essex, R., Stiell, M., & Jameson, J. (2022). A systematic scoping review and textual narrative synthesis of physical and mixed‐reality simulation in pre‐service teacher training. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 38(3), 861–874. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12653. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12653

Adellia, Y., & Prajawinanti, A. (2021). Implementasi Model Evaluasi CIPP Pada Pelaksanaan Program Kelompok Belajar TBM Leshutama Era Pandemi Covid-19. Pustaka Karya: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Perpustakaan Dan Informasi, 9(2), 14–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18592/pk.v9i2.5516. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18592/pk.v9i2.5516

Afanasyev, V. V., Ivanova, O. A., Rezakov, R. G., Afanasyev, I. V., & Kunitsyna, S. M. (2019). Organizational environment for the schoolchildrens’ professional identities: Establishing, modelling, efficiency expectations and long-term development. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 10(2), 1612–1637. https://www.academia.edu/download/60380560/IJCIET_10_02_15620190824-107183-1vy5o61.pdf.

Al-Shaboul, Y., Al-Azaizeh, M., & Al-Dosari, N. (2021). Differentiated instruction between application and constraints: Teachers’ perspective. European Journal of Educational Research, 10(1), 127–143. https://doi.org/10.12973/EU-JER.10.1.127. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.10.1.127

Arofah, S., & Mubarok, H. (2021). An analysis of violation and flouting maxim on teacher-students interaction in English teaching and learning process. Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature, 15(2), 249–256.

https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v15i2.28148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v15i2.28148

Aslam, F., Adefila, A., & Bagiya, Y. (2018). STEM outreach activities: an approach to teachers’professional development. Journal of Education for Teaching, 44(1), 58–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2018.1422618. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2018.1422618

Baran, E., Correia, A. P., & Thompson, A. (2011). Transforming online teaching practice: Critical analysis of the literature on the roles and competencies of online teachers. Distance Education, 32(3), 421–439. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2011.610293. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2011.610293

Dekawati, I. (2020). The Principal’s Leadership as the Effort To Build Students’ Character. International Journal of Educational Management and Innovation, 1(2), 109. https://doi.org/10.12928/ijemi.v1i2.1631. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12928/ijemi.v1i2.1631

González-Valero, G., Zurita-Ortega, F., Ubago-Jiménez, J. L., & Puertas-Molero, P. (2019). Use of meditation and cognitive behavioral therapies for the treatment of stress, depression and anxiety in students. A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(22), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224394. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224394

Guimarães, M. A., Carvalho, W. L. P., & Oliviera, M. S. (2010). Moral reasoning in decision-making regarding socioscientific issues: The human genetic improvement example. Ciência & Educação, 16(2), 465–477. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-73132010000200013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-73132010000200013

Gumiandari, S., Nafi’a, I., & Jamaluddin, D. (2019). Criticizing Montessori’S Method of Early Childhood Education Using Islamic Psychology Perspective. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 5(2), 133–148. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v5i2.5835. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v5i2.5835

Gupta, T., Burke, K. A., & Greenbowe, T. J. (2022b). Shifting the ownership of learning from instructor to students through student-led instructor-facilitated guided-inquiry learning. In Teaching Innovation in University Education: Case Studies and Main Practices, 69–98. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4441-2.ch005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4441-2.ch005

Hasanah, A. (2020). Perbedaan Perkembangan Moral Anak Laki-Laki dan Anak Perempuan pada Usia Sekolah Dasar. Yinyang: Jurnal Studi Islam Gender Dan Anak, 15(1), 41–58. https://doi.org/10.24090/yinyang.v15i1.3442. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24090/yinyang.v15i1.3442

Ibad, W. (2022). Penerapan Profil Pelajar Pancasila Di Tingkat Sekolah Dasar. JIEES : Journal of Islamic Education at Elementary School JIEES, 3(2), 84–94.

https://doi.org/10.47400/jiees.v3i2.47.

Jacques, L. A., Cian, H., Herro, D. C., & Quigley, C. (2020). The impact of questioning techniques on STEAM instruction. Action in Teacher Education, 42(3), 290–308. https://doi.org/10.1080/01626620.2019.1638848. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01626620.2019.1638848

Kadir, H. A. (2023). Application of the Pancasila Student Profile. Indonesian Journal of Contemporary Multidisciplinary Research, 2(3), 349–354.

https://doi.org/10.55927/modern.v2i3.4116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55927/modern.v2i3.4116

Kusumawardani, F., Akhwani, A., Nafiah, N., & Taufiq, M. (2021). Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Nilai-nilai Pancasila melalui Keteladanan dan Pembiasaan di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraaan, 6(1), 1–10.

https://doi.org/10.24269/jpk.v6.n1.2021.pp1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24269/jpk.v6.n1.2021.pp1-10

Lina, Z. (2018). How Minecraft Support Students’ Learning in Mathematics. Early Child Development and Care, 13(3), 1576–1590.

https://open.library.ubc.ca/soa/cIRcle/collections/ubctheses/24/items/1.0345627.

Mahvar, T., Ashghali Farahani, M., & Aryankhesal, A. (2018). Conflict management strategies in coping with students’ disruptive behaviors in the classroom: Systematized review. Journal of Advances in Medical Education & Professionalism, 6(3), 102–114. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6039817/.

Manik, S., & Hutagaol, J. (2015). An Analysis on Teachers’ Politeness Strategy and Student’s Compliance in Teaching Learning Process at SD Negeri 024184 Binjai Timur Binjai –North Sumatra-Indonesia. English Language Teaching, 8(8), 152–170. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v8n8p152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v8n8p152

Ndalamba, K. K., Caldwell, C., & Anderson, V. (2018). Leadership vision as a moral duty. Journal of Management Development, 37(3), 309–319. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-08-2017-0262. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-08-2017-0262

Ni, Y., & Jia, F. (2023). Promoting Positive Social Interactions: Recommendation for a Post-Pandemic School-Based Intervention for Social Anxiety. Children, 10(3), 491. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10030491. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/children10030491

Nima, A. Al, Cloninger, K. M., Lucchese, F., Sikström, S., & Garcia, D. (2020). Validation of a general subjective well-being factor using Classical Test Theory. PeerJ, 2020(6), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9193. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9193

Oke, A., & Fernandes, F. A. P. (2020). Innovations in Teaching and Learning: Exploring the Perceptions of the Education Sector on the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR). Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(2), 31.

https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6020031. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6020031

Omair, A. (2015). Selecting the appropriate study design for your research: Descriptive study designs. Journal of Health Specialties, 3(3), 153. https://doi.org/10.4103/1658-600x.159892. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/1658-600X.159892

Parwati, N. P. Y., & Suastra, I. W. (2024). Critical Study of Educational Philosophy: Implementation of Character Education in the Pancasila Student Profile. Indonesian Journal of Educational Development (IJED), 4(4), 492–499.

https://doi.org/10.59672/ijed.v4i4.3397. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59672/ijed.v4i4.3397

Pasani, C. F., & Amelia, R. (2021). Learning Loss and Education Inequality in Indonesia (Mapping the Potential, Consequences, and the Covid-19 Crisis). Review of International Geographical Education, 11(10), 1171–1181.

https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=21460353&AN=155787506&h=%2F2%2BmJPDsjn4Lt%2Bj2%2F0mmzCgN6Sj50qp04j3SCLxloLKl4pv0e%2BujATxbU%2BD0eso9bMXUo%2BdgJfW4dKruPUadGA%3D%3D&crl=c.

Paulus, M. (2020). The developmental emergence of morality: A review of current theoretical perspectives. In Progress in Brain Research (1st ed., Vol. 254). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.05.006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.05.006

Potter, W. J. (2018). An analysis of patterns of design decisions in recent media effects research. Review of Communication Research, 6, 1–29.

https://doi.org/10.12840/issn.2255-4165.2018.06.01.014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12840/issn.2255-4165.2018.06.01.014

Prodjosantoso, A. K., & Hertina, A. M. (2019). The Misconception Diagnosis on Ionic and Covalent Bonds Concepts with Three Tier Diagnostic Test. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 1477–1488. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1201190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12194a

Rahayu, D. N. O., Sundawa, D., & Wiyanarti, E. (2023). Profil Pelajar Pancasila sebagai Upaya dalam Membentuk Karakter Masyarakat Global. Visipena, 14(1), 14–28. https://doi.org/10.46244/visipena.v14i1.2035. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46244/visipena.v14i1.2035

Rusmin, L. et. all. (2020). The Role of Civic Education in the Student Moral Development in Elementary School: A Descriptive Study. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(12), 6405–6406. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.081206. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.081206

Sahruli, A., Widodo, R., & Budiono, B. (2017). Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Budaya Religius. Jurnal Civic Hukum, 2(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.22219/jch.v2i1.9898. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22219/jch.v2i1.9898

Samerkhanova, E. K., & Imzharova, Z. U. (2018). Organizational and pedagogical conditions for forming the readiness of future teachers for project activities in the context of Digitalization of education. Vestnik of Minin University, 6(2).

https://doi.org/10.26795/2307-1281-2018-6-2-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26795/2307-1281-2018-6-2-2

Schipper, N., & Koglin, U. (2021). The association between moral identity and moral decisions in adolescents. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2021(179), 111–125. https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20429. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20429

Selman, Y. F., & Jaedun, A. (2020). Evaluation of The Implementation of 4C Skills in Indonesian Subject at Senior High Schools. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 9(2), 244–257. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpi-undiksha.v9i2.23459.

Skaraki, E., & Kolokotronis, F. (2022). Preschool and early primary school age children learning of computational thinking through the use of asynchronous learning environments in the age of Covid-19. Advances in Mobile Learning Educational Research, 2(1), 180–186. https://doi.org/10.25082/amler.2022.01.002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25082/AMLER.2022.01.002

Sokip, Akhyak, Soim, Tanzeh, A., & Kojin. (2019). Character Building in Islamic Society: A Case Study of Muslim Families in Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 10(2), 224–242.

https://www.learntechlib.org/p/216573/.

Supeni, S., Hakim, L., & Jumintono. (2019). Strengthening Character Education of Early Childhood through Javanese Traditional Game Dakon. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 7(6S2), 243–249. https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/ijcah-20/125947406.

Suwastini, N. K. A., Asri, N. W. D. P., Wahyuni, L. G. E., & Prastika, K. A. D. (2020). The Characterisations of Piscine Molitor Patel in Yan Martell’S the Life of Pi. International Journal of Language and Literature, 4(2), 56.

https://doi.org/10.23887/ijll.v4i2.30289. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/ijll.v4i2.30289

Taufan, M. Y. (2022). Professional Development of Teachers, Competencies, Educational Facilities and Infrastructure on Teacher Performance and Learning Achievement of High School Students in Makassar City. Golden Ratio of Social Science and Education, 2(1), 24–38. https://doi.org/10.52970/grsse.v2i1.168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52970/grsse.v2i1.168

Taufiq, M., Ghani, A., Hamzah, M., Ramli, S., Ab, W., Daud, A. W., Rijal, T., Romli, M., Najihah, N., & Mokhtar, M. (2019). a Questionnaire-Based Approach on Technology Acceptance Model for Mobile Digital Game-Based Learning. Journal of Global Business and Social Entrepreneurship (GBSE), 5(14), 24621714.

http://www.gbse.my/V5 NO.14 (MARCH 2019)/Paper-199-.pdf.

Thahir, A., Psi, S., & Ed, D. (2018). Cinematherapy and thought-stopping techniques to reduce social anxiety. In Proceedings International Conference of Counseling Education and Psychology (ICONCEP), 1, 1–7.

https://proceedings.radenintan.ac.id/index.php/iconcep/article/view/12.

Vescio, V., Ross, D., & Adams, A. (2008). A review of research on the impact of professional learning communities on teaching practice and student learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 24(1), 80–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2007.01.004

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09243453.2020.1808484.

Wahyuni, H. I., Budiman, A., Abidin, R., & Yuliandari, E. T. (2023). Potential of Fables as Learning Resources for Environmental Education and Its Relevance to the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Gemilang, 3(1), 87–96.

https://doi.org/10.53889/jpig.v3i1.189. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53889/jpig.v3i1.189

Wahyuni, L. G. E. (2013). Authenticity of Teachers ’ Made Assessment and Its ’ Contribution to Students ’ English Achievement. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 46(2), 182–191. https://doi.org/10.23887/jppundiksha.v46i2%20Juli.2768.

Wang, Y., & Liu, Q. (2020). Effects of online teaching presence on students’ interactions and collaborative knowledge construction. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 36(3), 370–382. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12408. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12408

Yanto, M. (2020). Manajemen kepala Madrasah Ibtidaiyah dalam menumbuhkan pendidikan karakter religius pada era digital. Jurnal Konseling Dan Pendidikan, 8(3), 176–183. https://doi.org/10.29210/146300. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29210/146300

Yusro, A., Sutopo, D., & Yuliasri, I. (2020). The application of cooperative principle in EFL classroom interaction. English Education Journal, 10(2), 124–130.

https://doi.org/10.15294/eej.v10i1.34125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/eej.v10i1.34125