Implementation of the Independent Campus Learning Policy ”MBKM”: An Overview from the Perspectives of Students and Lecturers

Syahruddin; Beatus Tambaip

doi:10.23887/jere.v7i3.61918

Authors

Syahruddin Universitas Musamus, Merauke, Indonesia
Beatus Tambaip Universitas Musamus, Merauke, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23887/jere.v7i3.61918

Keywords:

Evaluation, Student, Lecturer, MBKM

Abstract

The Freedom to Learn the Independent Campus Policy (MBKM) is an Indonesian government initiative that aims to encourage innovation in higher education and give students freedom to choose courses, colleges and learning methods that suit their interests, talents and needs. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the MBKM policy at University, as well as explore the perspectives of students and lecturers regarding the implementation of the policy. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and participatory observation. The respondents of this study consisted of 317 students who had participated in the MBKM program and 18 lecturers who were involved in implementing the policy. Data analysis was carried out through the coding stage and the themes that emerged from the interviews and data triangulation with observation. The results showed that the implementation of the MBKM policy at University had a significant impact on students and lecturers. From a student perspective, the MBKM policy gives them the freedom to choose courses, access learning resources, and participate in extracurricular activities according to their interests and talents. From the perspective of lecturers, the MBKM policy requires changes in teaching and mentoring approaches. Overall, the evaluation of the implementation of the MBKM policy at University shows significant benefits for students and lecturers. However, there are also challenges that need to be overcome, such as managing student time and adjusting lecturer teaching approaches.

References

Abuhassna, H., Al-Rahmi, W. M., Yahya, N., Zakaria, M. A. Z. M., Kosnin, A. B. M., & Darwish, M. (2020). Development of a New Model on Utilizing Online Learning Platforms to Improve Students’ Academic Achievements and Satisfaction. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 17, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-020-00216-z.

Admiraal, W., Schenke, W., Jong, L., Emmelot, Y., & Sligte, H. (2021). Schools as Professional Learning Communities: What Can Schools Do to Support Professional Development of Their Teachers? Professional Development in Education, 47(4), 684–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2019.1665573.

Aishath, Z., Omar, I. M., & Aishath, W. (2021). Correlation between Lecturers’ Professional Development Activities and Their Competencies in Maldives Higher Education Institutes. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 20(9), 18–37. http://www.ijlter.net/index.php/ijlter/article/view/21.

Akhmedov, B., & Shuhkrat, K. (2020). Cluster Methods of Learning English Using Information Technology. Scientific Progress, 1(2), 40–43. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/cluster-methods-of-learning-english-using-information-technology.

Al-Husseini, S., Beltagi, I. El, & Moizer, J. (2021). Transformational Leadership and Innovation: The Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing amongst Higher Education Faculty. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 24(5), 670–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2019.1588381.

Alam, A. (2022). Cloud-Based E-Learning: Scaffolding the Environment for Adaptive E-Learning Ecosystem Based on Cloud Computing Infrastructure. Computer Communication, Networking and IoT: Proceedings of 5th ICICC 2021, 2, 1–9. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007.

Arifin, S., & Muslim, M. (2020). Tantangan Implementasi Kebijakan “Merdeka Belajar, Kampus Merdeka” Pada Perguruan Tinggi Islam Swasta Di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Al-Ilmi, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.32529/al-ilmi.v3i1.589.

Bada, J. K., Asianzu, E., Lugemwa, B., Namataba, J., & Milburga, A. (2020). An Empirical Study on E-Learning Uptake by Teaching Staff at Makerere University Business School. International Journal of Education and Development Using Information and Communication Technology, 16(2), 188–206. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1268846.

Benlahcene, A., Lashari, S. A., Lashari, T. A., Shehzad, M. W., & Deli, W. (2020). Exploring the Perception of Students Using Student-Centered Learning Approach in a Malaysian Public University. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(1), 204–17. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1240462.

Bond, M., Zawacki‐Richter, O., & Nichols, M. (2019). Revisiting Five Decades of Educational Technology Research: A Content and Authorship Analysis of the British Journal of Educational Technology. British Journal of Educational Technology, 50(1), 12–63. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12730.

Castro, R. (2019). Blended Learning in Higher Education: Trends and Capabilities. Education and Information Technologies, 24(4), 2523–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-09886-3.

Chankseliani, M., Qoraboyev, I., & Gimranova, D. (2021). Higher Education Contributing to Local, National, and Global Development: New Empirical and Conceptual Insights. Higher Education, 81, 109–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-020-00565-8.

Chou, C.-M., Shen, C.-H., Hsiao, H.-C., & Shen, T.-C. (2019). Factors Influencing Teachers’ Innovative Teaching Behaviour with Information and Communication Technology (ICT): The Mediator Role of Organisational Innovation Climate. Educational Psychology, 39(1), 65–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2018.1520201.

Derakhshan, A., Lee, L., Bhama, P., Barbarite, E., & Shaye, D. (2019). Assessing the Educational Quality of ‘YouTube’Videos for Facelifts. American Journal of Otolaryngology, 40(2), 156–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2019.01.001.

Dhir, S., Ongsakul, V., Ahmed, Z. U., & Rajan, R. (2020). Integration of Knowledge and Enhancing Competitiveness: A Case of Acquisition of Zain by Bharti Airtel. Journal of Business Research, 119, 674–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.02.056.

Dughi, T., Rad, D., Runcan, R., Chiș, R., Vancu, G., Maier, R., Costin, A., Rad, G., Chiș, S., & Uleanya, C. (2023). A Network Analysis-Driven Sequential Mediation Analysis of Students’ Perceived Classroom Comfort and Perceived Faculty Support on the Relationship between Teachers’ Cognitive Presence and Students’ Grit—A Holistic Learning Approach. Behavioral Sciences, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13020147.

Ellis, V., Steadman, S., & Mao, Q. (2020). ‘Come to a Screeching Halt’: Can Change in Teacher Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic Be Seen as Innovation? European Journal of Teacher Education, 43(4), 559–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1821186.

Falloon, G., Hatzigianni, M., Bower, M., Forbes, A., & Stevenson, M. (2020). Understanding K-12 STEM Education: A Framework for Developing STEM Literacy. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 29, 369–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-020-09823-x.

Gafforovna, I. N. (2020). Using of Variety of Teaching Approaches, Methods, Techniques in Learning Foreign Language and Acquiring Knowledge Effectively. Science and Education, 1(3), 375–81. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n.

Geng, S., Law, K. M. Y., & Niu, B. (2019). Investigating Self-Directed Learning and Technology Readiness in Blending Learning Environment. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0147-0.

Ghany, H. (2018). Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Untuk Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Madaniyah, 8(2), 189–202. https://journal.stitpemalang.ac.id/index.php/madaniyah/article/view/114.

Guangul, F. M., Suhail, A. H., Khalit, M. I., & Khidhir, B. A. (2020). Challenges of Remote Assessment in Higher Education in the Context of COVID-19: A Case Study of Middle East College. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 32, 519–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11092-020-09340-w.

Guru, P. P., & Al-Hilal, S. T. I. T. (2022). How to Improve the Quality of Learning for Early Childhood? An Implementation of Education Management in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(5), 5437–46. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i5.2979.

Hartshorne, R., Baumgartner, E., Kaplan-Rakowski, R., Mouza, C., & Ferdig, R. E. (2020). Special Issue Editorial: Preservice and Inservice Professional Development during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 28(2), 137–47. https://www.learntechlib.org/primary/p/216910.

Hastuti, K., Susanti, H., & Erfando, T. (2022). Evaluasi Kebijakan Program MBKM Dalam Meningkatkan Capaian Pembelajaran Lulusan Perguruan Tinggi. EDUKATIF: JURNAL ILMU PENDIDIKAN, 4(6), 7445–54. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v4i6.4119.

Hodson, D. (2020). Going beyond STS Education: Building a Curriculum for Sociopolitical Activism. Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, 20, 592–622. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42330-020-00114-6.

Höffler, T. N., Köhler, C., & Parchmann, I. (2019). Scientists of the Future: An Analysis of Talented Students’ Interests. International Journal of STEM Education, 6(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-019-0184-1.

Hora, M. T. (2019). Beyond the Skills Gap: Preparing College Students for Life and Work. Harvard Education Press.

Indarta, Y., Jalinus, N., Waskito, W., Samala, A. D., Riyanda, A. R., & Adi, N. H. (2022). Relevansi Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar dengan Model Pembelajaran Abad 21 dalam Perkembangan Era Society 5.0. Edukatif : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 4(2), 3011–3024. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v4i2.2589.

Jin, X., Jiang, Q., Xiong, W., Pan, X., & Zhao, W. (2022). Using the Online Self-Directed Learning Environment to Promote Creativity Performance for University Students. Educational Technology & Society, 25(2), 130–47. https://www.jstor.org/stable/48660129.

Jonker, H., März, V., & Voogt, J. (2020). Curriculum Flexibility in a Blended Curriculum. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 36(1), 68–84. https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.4926.

Juliani, J., & Pasaribu, M. (2021). Learning In The Covid Era And The Changes In Teaching And Learning Methods At Mts Nii Medan. Proceeding International Seminar Of Islamic Studies, 2, 638–44. https://jurnal.umsu.ac.id/index.php/insis/article/view/6356.

Kristóf, Z. (2020). International Trends of Remote Teaching Ordered in Light of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) and Its Most Popular Video Conferencing Applications That Implement Communication. Central European Journal of Educational Research, 2(2), 84–92. https://doi.org/10.37441/CEJER/2020/2/2/7917.

Kustyarini, K. (2020). Self-Efficacy and Emotional Quotient in Mediating Active Learning Effect on Students’ Learning Outcome. International Journal of Instruction, 13(2), 663–76. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1249122.

Madani, R. A. (2019). Analysis of Educational Quality, a Goal of Education for All Policy. Higher Education Studies, 9(1), 100–109. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1203706.

Mazzucato, M., Kattel, R., & Ryan-Collins, J. (2020). Challenge-Driven Innovation Policy: Towards a New Policy Toolkit. Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, 20, 421–37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10842-019-00329-w.

Mintrom, M. (2019). So You Want to Be a Policy Entrepreneur? Policy Design and Practice, 2(4), 307–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2019.1675989.

Moore, R. L. (2020). Developing Lifelong Learning with Heutagogy: Contexts, Critiques, and Challenges. Distance Education, 41(3), 381–401. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2020.1766949.

Morgan, H. (2022). Conducting a Qualitative Document Analysis. The Qualitative Report, 27(1), 64–77. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2022.5044.

Muhardi. (2004). Kontribusi Pendidikan Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Bangsa Indonesia. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Ilmu, 20(4), 345–3. https://doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v20i4.153.

Muzammil, M., Sutawijaya, A., & Harsasi, M. (2020). Investigating Student Satisfaction in Online Learning: The Role of Student Interaction and Engagement in Distance Learning University. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 21(Special Issue-IODL), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.770928.

Naibaho, L. (2021). Online Learning Evaluation during Covid-19 Using CSE-UCLA Evaluation Model at English Education Department Universitas Kristen Indonesia. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal, 4(2). http://repository.uki.ac.id/9716.

Ngu, T., Duong, D. T. H., Huy, D. T. N., Thanh, P. T., & Dongul, E. S. (2021). Language Teaching Application to English Students at Master’s Grade Levels on History and Macroeconomic-Banking Management Courses in Universities and Colleges. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(3), 1457–68. https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/informit.221838488236447.

Numonjonov, S. D. . (2020). Innovative Methods of Professional Training. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Sciencecience, 1(81), 747–50. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ125375.

Paz, G., Luis, P. G.-H., & Navarro-Rubio, M. D. (2020). Development and Psychometric Study of a Simple Instrument to Assess Patient Communication and Comprehension Skills: The AsCkS. Family Practice, 37(4), 568–73. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmz087.

Penuel, W. R., Riedy, R., Barber, M. S., Peurach, D. J., LeBouef, W. A., & Clark, T. (2020). Principles of Collaborative Education Research with Stakeholders: Toward Requirements for a New Research and Development Infrastructure. Review of Educational Research, 90(5), 627–74. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654320938126.

Polzin, F., Egli, F., Steffen, B., & Schmidt, T. S. (2019). How Do Policies Mobilize Private Finance for Renewable Energy?—A Systematic Review with an Investor Perspective. Applied Energy, 236, 1249–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.11.098.

Pörtner, H.-O., Roberts, D. C., Adams, H., Adler, C., Aldunce, P., Ali, E., Begum, R. A., Betts, R., Kerr, R. B., & Biesbroek, R. (2022). Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. IPCC. https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/594799.

Rahmatih, A. N., Fauzi, A., & Ermiana, I. (2020). Hubungan Motivasi dan Kemandirian Belajar Mahasiswa Calon Guru Sekolah Dasar. Wahana Sekolah Dasar, 28(2), 76–83. https://doi.org/10.17977/um035v28i22020p076.

Regmi, K., & Jones, L. (2020). A Systematic Review of the Factors–Enablers and Barriers–Affecting e-Learning in Health Sciences Education. BMC Medical Education, 20(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02007-6.

Sabatier, P. A. (2019). Fostering the Development of Policy Theory (pp. 321–36).

Sadeghi, M. (2019). A Shift from Classroom to Distance Learning: Advantages and Limitations. International Journal of Research in English Education, 4(1), 80–88. http://ijreeonline.com/browse.php?a_id=132&sid=1&slc_lang=fa.

Sopiansyah, D., Masruroh, S., Zaqiah, Q. Y., & Erihadiana, M. (2022). Konsep dan Implementasi Kurikulum MBKM (Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka). Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal, 4(1), 34–41. https://doi.org/10.47467/reslaj.v4i1.458.

Stoesz, B. M., Eaton, S. E., Miron, J., & Thacker, E. J. (2019). Academic Integrity and Contract Cheating Policy Analysis of Colleges in Ontario, Canada. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 15(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40979-019-0042-4.

Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Grounded Theory Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory. In The Modern Language Journal. https://doi.org/10.2307/328955.

Suebsing, S., & Nuangchalerm, P. (2021). Understanding and satisfaction towards stem education of primary school teachers through professional development program. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 10(2), 171–177. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v10i2.25369.

Sukmawati, Syam, N. I., Ibrahim, M., & Amaliah, Nurul, S. (2023). The Lecturers ’ And Students ’ Response On Independent Learning-Independent Campus (MBKM) In Teaching And Learning English. JURNAL SCIENTIA, 12(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/jpp.v53i2.24964.

Taufan, M. Y. (2022). Professional Development of Teachers, Competencies, Educational Facilities and Infrastructure on Teacher Performance and Learning Achievement of High School Students in Makassar City. Golden Ratio of Social Science and Education, 2(1), 24–38. https://doi.org/10.52970/grsse.v2i1.168.

Vargo, J., Nesbit, J. C., Belfer, K., & Archambault, A. (2003). Learning object evaluation: Computer mediated collaboration and inter-rater reliability. International Journal of Computers and Applications, 25(3), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/1206212X.2003.11441703.

Visser-Amundson, & Anna. (2022). A Multi-Stakeholder Partnership to Fight Food Waste in the Hospitality Industry: A Contribution to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 12 and 17. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 30(10), 2448–75. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1849232.

Wallace, S., Schuler, M. S., Kaulback, M., Hunt, K., & Baker, M. (2021). Nursing Student Experiences of Remote Learning during the COVID‐19 Pandemic. Nursing Forum, 56, 612–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12568.

Yamin, M., & Syahrir, S. (2020). Pembangunan Pendidikan Merdeka Belajar (Telaah Metode Pembelajaran). Jurnal Ilmiah Mandala Education, 6(1), 126–136. https://doi.org/10.36312/jime.v6i1.1121.

Zafar, M. W., Shahbaz, M., Sinha, A., Sengupta, T., & Qin, Q. (2020). How renewable energy consumption contribute to environmental quality? The role of education in OECD countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 268, 122149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122149.

Zhao, Y., & Watterston, J. (2021). The Changes We Need: Education Post COVID-19. Journal of Educational Change, 22(1), 3–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-021-09417-3.