Positive and Negative Reinforcement Used By Teacher During Teaching and Learning Process at SMP Negeri 2 Singaraja
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jpbi.v5i2.12171Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu jenis-jenis penguatan yang digunakan oleh guru di kelas VII di SMP Negeri 2 Singaraja khususnya kelas VII.1 dan VII.5 selama proses belajar mengajar, jenis jenis penguatan yang paling sering digunakan, alasan dari guru dalam menggunakan penguatan, dan respon siswa terhadap penguatan yang digunakan. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah guru bahasa Inggris kelas VII di SMP Negeri 2 Singaraja. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data meelalui observasi dan wawancara. Penemuan menunjukan bahwa guru menggunakan dua jenis penguatan yaitu penguatan positif dan negatif. Guru menggunakan dua cara pada masing-masing jenis penguatan yang disebut: penguatan verbal positif (49.48%), penguatan non-verbal positif (43.29%), penguatan verbal negatif (2.06%), dan penguatan non-verbal negatif (5.15%). Penguatan positif adalah jenis penguatan yang paling sering digunakan dengan total terjadi (92.77%) dari pada penguatan negatif dengan total terjadi (7.21%). Ada dua alasan utama kenapa guru menggunakan jenis-jenis penguatan yaitu: penguatan dapat memotivasi siswa selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung dan membantu siswa membangun kepercayaan diri selama pelajaran. Implikasi dari penelitian ini dibagi menjadi tiga : dapat mengubah perilaku buruk siswa, dapat mengubah perilaku buruk siswa, dapat dijadikan referensi untuk guru selama mengajar, dan dapat dijadikan referensi tambahan oleh peneliti lain dengan penelitian yang sama.Kata Kunci : Penguatan, penguatan verbal dan non-verbal, respon.
This study aimed at finding out the types of reinforcement used by teacher in grade 7 of SMP Negeri 2 Singaraja especially in class VII.1 and VII.5 during the teaching and learning process, the type of reinforcement strategies used most frequently by teacher, the teacher’s reasons in applying reinforcement during teaching and learning process, and students’ responses toward the reinforcement used. The subject of this study was an English teacher on grade 7 in SMP Negeri 2 Singaraja. The present study employed qualitative design, in which the data were collected through observation and interview. The findings showed that the teacher used two types of reinforcement such as positive and negative reinforcement. The teacher used two ways each of them namely: positive verbal reinforcement (49.48%), positive non-verbal reinforcement (43.29%), negative verbal reinforcement (2.06%), and negative non-verbal reinforcement (5.15%). Positive reinforcement was the type of reinforcement which was used most frequently with total occurrence (92.77%) rather than negative reinforcement with total occurrence (7.21%). Two main reasons why the teacher applied types of reinforcement were found, those are: reinforcement motivated the students during the learning process and helped the students in building self-confidence during the lesson. The implications of this study are divided into three: can change the students’ misbehavior, can be a reference for the teacher during teaching, and can be an addition reference for another researcher who conduct the same study.
keyword : Reinforcement, positive and negative reinforcement, response.
Published
2017-10-25
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