THE LINGUISTIC UNITING FEATURES OF TIGAWASA AND DENCARIK DIALECTS VIEWED FROM PHONOLOGICAL AND LEXICAL VARIATIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jpbi.v5i2.12278Abstract
Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari bukti penyatu fonologis dan leksikal pada dialek Tigawasa dan Dencarik. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah penutur asli dari dialek Tigawasa dan Dencarik. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain linguistik lapangan. Data dari penelitian ini diperoleh berdasarkan daftar kata dari Swadesh dan Nothofer menggunakan tehnik pengamatan, wawancara, rekaman, dan pencatatan. Data yang diperoleh ditranskrip dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dialek Tigawasa dan Dencarik memiliki kesamaan dalam segi fonologis dan leksikal. Terdapat 25 fonem yang sama dalam segi fonologisnya. Fonem-fonem tersebut meliputi 6 huruf vokal (vowel): /ʌ/, /I/, /ʊ/, /ɛ/, /ɔ/ dan /∂/; dan 19 konsonan: /b/, /c/, /d/, /g/, /h/, /j/, /ʔ/, /k/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /p/, /r/, /s/, /t/, /w/, /y/, /ñ/, and /ŋ/. Sebagai tambahan, pembeda antara dialek Tigawasa dan Dencarik terletak pada distribusi dari fonem /ʌ/ dan fonem /∂/-nya. Lebih lanjut, berdasarkan daftar kata dari Swadesh dan Nothofer yang memuat 668 kosa kata (lexicon), terdapat 365 kosa kata yang serupa dalam segi leksikalnya. Kosa kata tersebut bisa diklasifikasikan sebagai berikut: 291 kosa kata yang persis sama dan 74 kosa kata yang serupa. Dengan kata lain, lebih dari 50% dari keseluruhan jumlah kosa kata yang didapat dari dialek Tigawasa dan Dencarik dinilai sama ataupun serupa. Sebagai tambahan, alasan kenapa dialek Tigawasa dan Dencarik mempunyai kesamaan dalam penggunaan Bahasa Bali adalah karena dialek Tigawasa dan Dencarik termasuk dalam bahasa yang mempunyai hubungan kekerabatan sehubungan dengan kedekatan keduanya secara geografis.Kata Kunci : dialek, variasi fonologi, variasi leksikal
Abstract This study aimed to find out the phonological and lexical evidences that unite Tigawasa and Dencarik dialects. The informants of this study were the speakers of Tigawasa and Dencarik dialects. This research employed field linguistic design. The data of the study were collected based on Swadesh and Nothofer word lists using observation, interview, recording, and note-taking techniques. The obtained data were transcribed and analyzed descriptively. The results of the study show that Tigawasa and Dencarik dialects actually have similarities in terms of phonological and lexical features. There are 25 phonemes that are similar in Tigawasa and Dencarik dialects in terms of phonological features. Those phonemes include 6 vowels: /ʌ/, /I/, /ʊ/, /ɛ/, /ɔ/ and /∂/ ; and 19 consonants: /b/, /c/, /d/, /g/, /h/, /j/, /ʔ/, /k/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /p/, /r/, /s/, /t/, /w/, /y/, /ñ/, and /ŋ/. In addition, the differences between Tigawasa and Dencarik dialects is the distribution of phonemes /ʌ/ and /∂/ in Tigawasa and Dencarik dialects. Furthermore, from the Swadesh and Nothofer word lists which contain 668 lexicons, 365 lexicons are found similar in Tigawasa and Dencarik dialects in terms of lexical features. Those lexicons can be classified into: 291 exactly the same forms and 74 similar forms of lexicons. In the other words, more than 50% of the total number of lexicons that were found the same or similar in Tigawasa and Dencarik dialects. In addition, the reason why Tigawasa and Dencarik dialects have similarities in using Balinese is because Tigawasa and Dencarik dialects belong to a language family since they are geographically close.
keyword : dialect, phonological variation, lexical variation.
Published
2017-10-26
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