An Analysis of Teaching Strategies of EFL Teachers in Tabanan Sub-District in Promoting Critical Thinking Skill in the 21st Century Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23887/jpbi.v4i2.8742Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa strategi mengajar dengan mengamati tantangan dan faktor keberhasilan yang dihadapi oleh guru dalam mempromosikan kemampuan berpikir kritis untuk siswa EFL. Penelitian ditulis dalam bentuk deskriptif kualitatif. Guru bahasa Inggris di sebuah sekolah menengah atas di Kecamatan Tabanan merupakan subjek dari penelitian ini. Observasi dilaksanakan berdasarkan perekaman video, ceklist, dan metode interview. Kemudian, data yang dikumpulkan telah melalui observasi dan interview mendalam terhadap Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) dalam satu semester serta pengamatan proses belajar mengajar dalam kelas. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga tipe strategi mengajar yang digunakan guru untuk mempromosikan kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam satu semester, yaitu strategi kolaboratif atau kooperatif (54%), penggunaan pertanyaan (25%), dan studi kasus (21%). Hasil interview terhadap guru menunjukkan bahwa ada dua tantangan yang dihadapi dalam mempromosikan kemampuan berpikir kritis, yaitu keragaman tingkat berpikir siswa dan kecenderungan siswa tidak terlibat untuk belajar. Guru diharapkan menggunakan empat strategi untuk mempromosikan kemampuan berpikir kritis yang lebih efektif kepada siswa, yaitu strategi kolaboratif atau kooperatif, penggunaan pertanyaan, studi kasus dan metode socratic. Pemberian instruksi yang beragam digunakan untuk menghadapi keragaman tingkat berpikir siswa dan kecenderungan siswa tidak terlibat untuk belajar.Kata Kunci : kemampuan berpikir kritis, strategi mengajar, tantangan, faktor keberhasilan
This study aimed at analyzing teaching strategies while examining the enabling and challenging factors in promoting critical thinking skill for EFL students. This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The subject of this study is EFL teachers in a public school of Tabanan Sub-District. The instruments used in this study namely video recorder, observation sheets, and interview guides. The data of this study were collected based on in-depth observations and interviews based on document analysis and a direct observation. The observation results of this study show that there are three types of teaching strategies used by teachers in one semester. They are collaborative or cooperative strategy (54%), use of question strategy (25%), and case study strategy (21%). The interview results of this study show two enabling and challenging factors to promote critical thinking. They are heterogeneous students and disengaged students. Teachers are suggested to employ four teaching strategies to promote critical thinking skill effectively, namely collaborative or cooperative strategy, use of question strategy, case study strategy, and socratic questioning strategy. While, a differentiated instruction is suggested for teacher to cope with disengaged students.
keyword : critical thinking, teaching strategy, enabling and challenging factors
Published
2016-11-03
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