Scientific Learning Model: Analytical Thinking and Process Skills in Mathematics

kamid kamid; Dwi Agus  Kurniawan; Ahmad Mansur Nawahdani

doi:10.23887/jere.v6i3.49159

Authors

kamid kamid Universitas Jambi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5897-5159
Dwi Agus Kurniawan Universitas Jambi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0130-2436
Ahmad Mansur Nawahdani Universitas Jambi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2590-8763

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23887/jere.v6i3.49159

Keywords:

Analytical Thinking, Process Skills, Problem Based Learning, Problem Solving, Mathematics Learning

Abstract

Education is one of the efforts to improve the intelligence of the next generation of a nation. Education is considered an important and strategic factor in national development, with efforts oriented towards improving the quality of human resources. In dealing with problems in social life, of course, every student needs to develop process skills. The process skills of each student will be honed by itself if students have the will to be better. It relates to physical and mental skills that result in good attitudes and processes. This study aims to determine the relationship between students' analytical thinking and process skills using the problem based learning model and the problem solving model, and to find out the differences between students' analytical thinking and process skills using the model and the problem solving model. This research uses quantitative research with associative and comparative types of research. For this type of associative research, descriptive statistical tests are used, while for this type of comparative research, assumptions and hypothesis tests are used. The sampling technique used is purvosive sampling with the criteria of students studying mathematics on circle material, the samples taken are 180 students. The results showed that there was a relationship between analytical thinking and student process skills with the problem based learning and problem solving models besides that there was a comparison between analytical thinking and student process skills in both schools. The implication of this research is that the application of the learning model can be used as a means to develop students' analytical thinking skills and process skills in mathematics.

Author Biographies

kamid kamid, Universitas Jambi

Lecturer in Faculty of Teaching and Education

Dwi Agus Kurniawan, Universitas Jambi

Lecturer in Faculty of Teaching and Education

Ahmad Mansur Nawahdani, Universitas Jambi

Student in Faculty of Teaching and Education

References

Aini, N. R., Syafril, S., Netriwati, N., Pahrudin, A., Rahayu, T., & Puspasari, V. (2019). Problem-Based Learning for Critical Thinking Skills in Mathematics. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1155(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1155/1/012026.

Aji, W., Sulasmono, B. S., & Setyaningtyas, E. W. (2019). Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dan Keterampilan Proses Siswa melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning di Kelas IV SD N Tingkir Tengah 02. Jurnal Basicedu: Research & Learning in Elementary Education, 3(1), 47–52. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v3i1.77.

Alan, U. F., & Afriansyah, E. A. (2017). Kemampuan Pemahaman Matematis Siswa Melalui Model Pembelajaran Auditory Intellectualy Repetition dan Problem Based Learning. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 11(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.22342/jpm.11.1.3890.67-78.

Amalia, E., Surya, E., & Syahputra, E. (2017). The Effectiveness Of Using Problem Based Learning (PBL) In Mathematics Problem Solving Ability For Junior High School Students. International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 3(2), 3402–3406.

Anggraini, A. (2018). Keefektifan Pembelajaran Elektronik (E-Learning) Sebagai Pengganti Perkuliahan Konvensional Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Analitis Mahasiswa. Jurnal Penelitian Bidang Pendidikan, 26(1), 9–23. https://doi.org/10.24114/jpbp.v26i1.8990.

Apertha, F. K. P., & Zulkardi, M. Y. (2018). Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Open-Ended Problem pada Materi Segiempat Kelas VII. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 12(2), 47–62. https://doi.org/10.22342/jpm.12.2.4318.47-62.

Arifin, F., & Herman, T. (2018). Pengaruh Pembelajaran E-Learning Model Web Centric Course Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Dan Kemandirian Belajar Matematika Siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 12(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.22342/jpm.12.2.4152.1-12.

Ashworth, S. H. (2018). A student’s guide to dimensional analysis. Contemporary Physics, 59(4), 408–408. https://doi.org/10.1080/00107514.2018.1515255.

Astriani, N., Surya, E., & Syahputra, E. (2017). The Effect Of Problem Based Learning To Students’ Mathematical Problem Solving Ability. International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education, 3(2), 3441–3446.

Concannon, J. P., Brown, P. L., Lederman, N. G., & Lederman, J. S. (2020). Investigating the development of secondary students’ views about scientific inquiry. International Journal of Science Education, 42(6), 906–933. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2020.1742399.

Corsi, G. (2020). ‘Education has no end’: Reconciling past and future through reforms in the education system. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 52(6), 688–697. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2019.1707658.

Darmaji, D., Kurniawan, D. A., & Irdianti, I. (2019). Physics education students’ science process skills. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 8(2), 293–298. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v8i2.28646.

Dewi, A. S. P. M., & Rati, N. W. (2017). Penerapan Pendekatan Keterampilan Proses Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Kelas V. Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar, 1(2), 83–90. https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v1i2.10142.

Dewi, S. N., & Minarti, E. D. (2018). Hubungan Antara Self-Confidence Terhadap Matematika Dengan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematik Siswa Pada Materi Lingkaran. Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 7(2), 189–198. https://doi.org/10.31980/mosharafa.v7i2.37.

Diandita, E. R., Johar, R., & Abidin, T. F. (2017). Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Dan Metakognitif Siswa Smp Pada Materi Lingkaran Berdasarkan Gender. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 11(2), 79–97. https://doi.org/10.22342/jpm.11.2.2533.

Eviyanti, C. Y., Surya, E., Syahputra, E., & Simbolon, M. (2017). Improving the Students’ Mathematical Problem Solving Ability by Applying Problem Based Learning Model in VII Grade at SMPN 1 Banda Aceh Indonesia. International Journal of Novel Research in Education and Learning, 4(2), 138–144.

Fahruddin, Jufri, A. W., & Jamaluddin. (2016). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif Ditinjau Dari Kemampuan Akademik Mahasiswa. Erudio Journal of Educational Innovation, 2(2), 41–48. https://erudio.ub.ac.id/index.php/erudio/article/view/155.

Fakhrurrazi, F., Sajidan, S., & Karyanto, P. (2019). Keefektifan Penggunaan modul sistem gerak pada manusia berbasis inkuiri interactive demonstration untuk memberdayakan keterampilan berpikir analitis. Jurnal Pendidikan, 4(4), 478–483. https://doi.org/10.26555/symbion.3562.

Fauzan, M., Gani, A., & Syukri, M. (2017). Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Pada Pembelajaran Materi Sistem Tata Surya Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Science Education), 5(1), 27–35.

Fitri, N. L., & Prahmana, R. C. I. (2020). Designing learning trajectory of circle using the context of Ferris wheel. JRAMathEdu (Journal of Research and Advances in Mathematics Education), 5(3), 247–261. https://doi.org/10.23917/jramathedu.v5i3.10961.

Fitriana, F., Kurniawati, Y., & Utami, L. (2019). Analisis Keterampilan Proses Sains Peserta Didik Pada Materi Laju Reaksi Melalui Model Pembelajaran Bounded Inquiry Laboratory. JTK (Jurnal Tadris Kimiya), 4(2), 226–236. https://doi.org/10.15575/jtk.v4i2.5669.

Flores-Tena, M. J. (2020). The Educational Inclusion in the Deficit of Attention of Elementary Students. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 5(3), 265–273. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.747244.

Hamdunah, Yunita, A., Zulkardi, & Muhafzan. (2016). Development a Constructivist Module and Web on Circle and Sphere Material with Wingeom Software. Journal on Mathematics Education, 7(2), 109–116. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.7.2.3536.109-116.

Hendriana, H., Johanto, T., & Sumarmo, U. (2018). The role of problem-based learning to improve students’ mathematical problem-solving ability and self confidence. Journal on Mathematics Education, 9(2), 291–299. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.9.2.5394.291-300.

Hidayat, W., & Sariningsinh, R. (2018). Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Dan Adversity Quotient Siswa SMP Melalui Pembelajaran Open Ended. Jurnal JNPM (Jurnal Nasional Pendidikan Matematika), 2(1), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.33603/jnpm.v2i1.1027.

Ilma, R., Hamdani, A. S., & Lailiyah, S. (2017). Profil Berpikir Analitis Masalah Aljabar Siswa Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif Visualizer dan Verbalizer. Jurnal Review Pembelajaran Matematika, 2(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.15642/jrpm.2017.2.1.1-14.

Iswatun, I., Mosik, M., & Subali, B. (2017). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Untuk Meningkatkan KPS dan Hasil Belajar Siswa SMP Kelas VIII. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPA, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.21831/jipi.v3i2.14871.

Jailani, Sugiman, S., & Apino, E. (2017). Implementing the problem-based learning in order to improve the students’ HOTS and characters. Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika, 4(2), 247. https://doi.org/10.21831/jrpm.v4i2.17674.

Kristanto, A., Suharno, & Gunarhadi. (2019). Promoting local wisdom in international primary curriculum aims to develop learners’ problem solving skills. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 4(3), 439–447. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.573947.

Kusumatuty, A. J., Baedhowi, B., & Murwaningsih, T. (2018). The Implementation of Problem Based Learning (PBL) Based E-Book to Improve The Learning Outcome of Vocational High School (VHS) Students. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 3(4), 103–110. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.454794.

Laila, Z., Nuvitalia, D., & Saptaningrum, E. (2019). Penggunaan Alat Peraga Gerak Proyektil terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Analitis Siswa SMA. Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran Fisika, 10(1), 43–50. https://doi.org/10.26877/jp2f.v10i1.3380.

Maghfiroh, U., & Sugianto, S. (2011). Penerapan Pembelajaran Fisika Bervisi Sets Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Analitis Peserta Didik Kelas X. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia, 7(1), 6–12. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpfi.v7i1.1061.

Maharani, S., & Bernard, M. (2018). Analisis Hubungan Resiliensi Matematik Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Pada Materi Lingkaran. JPMI (Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif), 1(5), 819–826. https://doi.org/10.22460/jpmi.v1i5.p819-826.

Malihatuddarojah, D., & Prahmana, R. C. I. (2019). Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Permasalahan Operasi Bentuk Aljabar. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 13(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.22342/jpm.13.1.6668.1-8.

Masitoh, L. F., & Fitriyani, H. (2018). Improving students’ mathematics self-efficacy through problem based learning. Malikussaleh Journal of Mathematics Learning (MJML), 1(1), 26–30. https://doi.org/10.29103/mjml.v1i1.679.

Maskur, R., Sumarno, Rahmawati, Y., Pradana, K., Syazali, M., Septian, A., & Palupi, E. K. (2020). The effectiveness of problem based learning and aptitude treatment interaction in improving mathematical creative thinking skills on curriculum 2013. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(1), 375–383. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.9.1.375.

Mawaddah, D. M., Gustiana, A. D., & Jayanti, D. T. (2019). Penerapan Kegiatan Berkebun Dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Anak Taman Kanak-Kanak (Quasi Eksperimen pada Kelompok B di TK Kartika Siliwangi XIX-I dan TK Pelita Bunda Bandung Tahun Ajaran 2017-2018). Cakrawala Dini: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 10(2), 117–127. https://doi.org/10.17509/cd.v10i2.21083.

Morissan. (2012). Metode Penelitian Survei. Kencana.

Musanna, A. (2017). Indigenisasi Pendidikan: Rasionalitas Revitalisasi Praksis Pendidikan Ki Hadjar Dewantara. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan, 2(1), 117–133. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/322566056.pdf.

Muslimin, M., Indaryanti, I., & Susanti, E. (2017). Pembelajaran Matematika Dengan Model Reciprocal Teaching Untuk Melatih Kecakapan. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 11(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.22342/jpm.11.1.4682.1-14.

Mustafa, P. S., Gusdiyanto, H., Victoria, A., Masgumelar, N. K., Lestariningsih, N. D., Maslacha, H., Ardiyanto, D., Hutama, H. A., Boru, M. J., & Fachrozi, I. (2020). Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dalam Pendidikan Olahraga. Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Malang.

Mutakinati, L., Anwari, I., & Yoshisuke, K. (2018). Analysis of students’ critical thinking skill of middle school through stem education project-based learning. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 7(1), 54–65. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v7i1.10495.

Nasution, L. M. (2017). Statistik Deskriptif. Hikmah.

Nugroho, A. A., Putra, R. W. Y., Putra, F. G., & Syazali, M. (2017). Pengembangan Blog Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Matematika. Al-Jabar : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 8(2), 197–203. https://doi.org/10.24042/ajpm.v8i2.2028.

Nurjanah, I. E., Irawan, E., Ekapti, R. F., & Faizah, U. N. (2021). Efektivitas Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning terhadap Peningkatan Keterampilan Berpikir Analitis. Jurnal Tadris IPA Indonesia, 1(2), 108–117. https://doi.org/10.21154/jtii.v1i2.142.

Nurlaily, V. A., Soegiyanto, H., & Usodo, B. (2019). Elementary school teacher’s obstacles in the implementation of problem-based learning model in mathematics learning. Journal on Mathematics Education, 10(2), 229–238. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.10.2.5386.229-238.

Nuryanti, L., Zubaidah, S., & Diantoro, M. (2018). Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas Ix. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 3(2), 155–158. https://doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v3i2.10490.

Pahrudin, A., Irwandani, Triyana, E., Oktarisa, Y., & Anwar, C. (2019). The analysis of pre-service physics teachers in scientific literacy: Focus on the competence and knowledge aspects. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 8(1), 52–62. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v8i1.15728.

Peranginangin, S. A., & Surya, E. (2017). An Analysis of Students’ Mathematics Problem Solving Ability in VII Grade at SMP Negeri 4 Pancurbatu. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR), 33(2), 57–67. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/249335807.pdf.

Permatasari, A. K., Istiyono, E., & Kuswanto, H. (2019). Developing Assessment Instrument to Measure Physics Problem Solving Skills for Mirror Topic. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 4(3), 358–366. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.573872.

Pozo-Armentia, A. del, Reyero, D., & Gil Cantero, F. (2020). The pedagogical limitations of inclusive education. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 52(10), 1064–1076. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2020.1723549.

Puspita, A., Utaya, S., & Ruja, I. N. (2018). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Berbasis Observasi Lapangan terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Analitis. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 3(4), 468–474. https://doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v3i4.10747.

Putri, N. P. J. E., Artini, L. P., & Wahyuni, L. G. E. (2020). EFL Teachers’ Perception and Strategies for Integrating Character Education into the Lesson. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 53(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpp.v53i1.19172.

Qomariya, Y., Muharrami, L. K., Hadi, W. P., & Rosidi, I. (2018). Profil Kemampuan Berpikir Analisis Siswa Smp Negeri 3 Bangkalan Dengan Menggunakan Metode Pictorial Riddle Dalam Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing. Journal of Natural Science Education Reseach, 1(1), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.21107/nser.v1i1.4172.

Raharjo, Y. K., . S., & . W. (2019). Need Analysis of Learning Model of History Integrated with Leadership Values of Mangkunegara I through Reflective Pedagogy Paradigm. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 4(4), 617–623. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.628436.

Rasyad, R. (2003). Metode Statistik Deskriptif Untuk Umum. Grasindo.

Rogahang, H. (2019). Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan (JTP), 21(3), 283–297. https://doi.org/10.24114/jtp.v8i2.3329.

Rohman, F. M. A., Riyadi, R., & Indriati, D. (2020). Analysis of higher order thinking skills 8th grade students in math problem solving. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1469(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1469/1/012162.

Rosliana, R. (2017). Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas V Sd Negeri 020580 Binjai Pada Materi Lingkaran Melalui Metode Pemetaan Pikiran. MES: Journal of Mathematics Education and Science, 3(1), 101–106. https://doi.org/10.30743/mes.v3i1.227.

Sapitri, Y., Utami, C., & Mariyam, M. (2019). Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Open-Ended pada Materi Lingkaran Ditinjau dari Minat Belajar. Variabel, 2(1), 16–23. https://doi.org/10.26737/var.v2i1.1028.

Setiawan, Y. E. (2020). Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menilai Kebenaran Suatu Pernyataan. Jurnal Didaktik Matematika, 7(1), 13–31. https://doi.org/10.24815/jdm.v7i1.14495.

Simamora, R. E., Sidabutar, D. R., & Surya, E. (2017). Improving Learning Activity and Students ’ Problem Solving Skill through Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Junior High School. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR), 33(2), 321–331. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/249335821.pdf.

Siswono, H. (2017). Analisis Pengaruh Keterampilan Proses Sains Terhadap Penguasaan Konsep Fisika Siswa. Momentum: Physics Education Journal, 1(2), 83–90. https://doi.org/10.21067/mpej.v1i2.1967.

Sugianto, Armanto, D., & Harahap, M. B. (2014). Perbedaan Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw dan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa SMA. Jurnal Didaktik Matematika, 1(1), 96–128.

Sukendar, A., Usman, H., & Jabar, C. S. A. (2019). Teaching-loving-caring (asah-asih-asuh) and semi-military education on character education management. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 38(2), 292–304. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v38i2.24452.

Suryani, N. K., Renda, N. T., & Wibawa, I. M. C. (2019). Pengaruh Pendekatan Saintifik Berorientasi Tri Kaya Parisudha Terhadap Penguasaan Konsep Ipa Dan Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa Kelas V Sd Di Gugus Vii Kecamatan Sukasada Kabupaten Buleleng Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Journal of Education Technology, 3(1), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.23887/jet.v3i1.17962.

Tambunan, H. (2019). The Effectiveness of the Problem Solving Strategy and the Scientific Approach to Students’ Mathematical Capabilities in High Order Thinking Skills. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 14(2), 293–302. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1227340.

Tentama, F., & Yusantri, S. (2020). The role of entrepreneurial intention in predicting vocational high school students’ employability. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i3.20580.

Warmi, A. (2019). Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa Kelas VIII pada Materi Lingkaran. Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 8(2), 297–306. https://doi.org/10.31980/mosharafa.v8i2.384.

Widjayanti, W. R., Masfingatin, T., & Setyansah, R. K. (2019). Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbasis Animasi pada Materi Statistika untuk Siswa Kelas 7 SMP. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 13(1), 101–112. https://doi.org/10.22342/jpm.13.1.6294.101-112.

Widodo, S. A., Turmudi, Dahlan, J. A., Harini, E., & Sulistyowati, F. (2020). Confirmatory factor analysis sosiomathematics norm among junior high school student. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 9(2), 448–455. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i2.20445.

Wijayanti, P. S. (2020). Item Quality Analysis For Measuring Mathematical Problem-Solving Skills. AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, 9(4), 1223–1234. https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v9i4.3036.

Yadrika, G., Amelia, S., Roza, Y., & ... (2019). Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Smp Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Pada Materi Teorema Pythagoras Dan Lingkaran. JPPM (Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pembelajaran Matematika), 12(2), 195–212. https://doi.org/10.30870/jppm.v12i2.6157.

Yulianto, T., Pramudya, I., & Slamet, I. (2019). Effects of the 21st Century Learning Model and Problem-Based Models on Higher Order Thinking Skill. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 4(Special Issue), 749–755. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.629084.

Yuwono, G. R., Sunarno, W., & Aminah, N. S. (2020). Pengaruh Kemampuan Berpikir Analitis Pada Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (Pbl) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Ranah Pengetahuan. Edusains, 12(1), 106–112. https://doi.org/10.15408/es.v12i1.11659.